Unit 11 – Topic 4 Vietnam.

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Presentation transcript:

Unit 11 – Topic 4 Vietnam

Vietnam

Vietnam – Early involvement War begins between French & Vietminh 1946 Vietminh beat the French Vietnam split into 2 parts: Communist North under Ho Chi Minh Nationalist South under a corrupt dictator (Diem, supported by the US) 1954 Vietcong forms – pro-Communist rebel group in the South 1957 US keeps supporting anti-Communist South. JFK and then LBJ send $$ & advisors Gulf of Tonkin resolution gives LBJ power to wage war & bombing begins 1965

The War Escalates Why can’t the US win easily? Refusal to surrender Tactics of the Vietcong US tactics make more enemies Refusal to surrender

What problems did the US face in Vietnam?

What advantages did the enemy have?

How will US forces fight the VC (and NVA)? What will this achieve?

What effect will US tactics have?

What effect will US tactics have? On whom?

LBJ’s dilemma What was LBJ’s main problem? Why? Vietnam War not going well Thousands dead, little progress at stopping insurgency Americans less supportive of war Student movement & protests

How do US soldiers feel about the war?

How does the American public feel about the war?

Vietnam The enemy? USA’s advantages? VC’s advantages Vietcong guerilla rebels NVA troops USA’s advantages? Superior military Air power/Naval power $$$ VC’s advantages “invisible” Recruiting – US and South Vietnam gov’t despised Reprisal helps the cause Local assets/popular support War of independence Supply from NVA (Ho Chi Minh Trail)

Tactics US forces: Mixture of conventional (Army, Marines) and unconventional (SF, SEALS, CIA) Search-and-destroy Napalm/Agent Orange Massive bombing of North VN Strategic hamlets VC: Ambush/hit & run Booby traps/mines/punji sticks Bombings in urban areas Snipers Collaborate w/ NVA

War at Home Public Opinion? Divided, but increasingly anti-war Why? High casualties, little political improvement Low morale Tet Offensive (enemy stronger than thought) Media coverage – shown more accurately than previous wars Student protests Scandals (My Lai, Cambodia, etc.) “If I’ve lost Cronkite, I’ve lost America.” LBJ, 1968

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