Patrick Tara, Jeff Vomacka, Mark Ross

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Presentation transcript:

Monitoring Saturated and Un-saturated Zone Processes for Improving Integrated Modeling Patrick Tara, Jeff Vomacka, Mark Ross Center for Hydrologic Modeling and Aquatic Systems Jeff Geurink, Ron Basso

Why Collect Data? Determine Water Budget Terms ET budget? Vadose zone ET Groundwater ET Surface water runoff? Infiltration excess Saturation excess Baseflow flux? Surface water storage release Groundwater storage release 12/4/2018

Why Collect Data? Answer Fundamental Groundwater upward flux (capillary fringe)? Vadose zone or water table recharge? Variable specific yield? Air entrapment 12/4/2018

Site Location F L O R I D A 12/4/2018 Hillsborough County Reservoir Site Location Reservoir Site Location 12/4/2018

Instrument Locations 12/4/2018

Installed Instrumentation Weather Rainfall Continuous tipping bucket rain gages (3 gages) Standard NWS manual rain gages (3 gages) Pan evaporation Wind speed / wind direction Temperature / humidity / solar radiation 12/4/2018

Installed Instrumentation Hydrologic Streamflow (5 installations) Complex “V”-notched weirs Continuous stage recorders Wells Continuously recorded (12 gages) Weekly manually recorded (83 wells) Runoff test-bed (1 installed, 1 in progress) Continuous soil moisture probes (6 installations) 12/4/2018

Streamflow Monitoring 12/4/2018

Streamflow Analysis Long Flat Creek Flow and Flow Difference 12/4/2018 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 8-Jul 28-Jul 17-Aug 6-Sep 26-Sep 16-Oct 5-Nov Date Flow [cfs] -80 -60 -40 -20 Flow Difference [cfs] Upstream Downstream Flow Difference 12/4/2018

Well Transects 12/4/2018

Well Transect Data 12/4/2018

Runoff Test-bed Size 100ft x 20ft (30.5m x 6.1m) Flashed to prevent inflows/outflows Gutter captures runoff Weir with continuously logged precision level gage allows accurate flow measurement Rain gage Wells Soil moisture probes 12/4/2018

Runoff Test-bed ATION in Feet 12/4/2018

Runoff Test-bed Schematic Monitoring wells Perimeter Flashing 100’ 20’ Overland Flow Weir Soil moisture probes Gutter 12/4/2018

Runoff Test-bed Flow Measurement V-Notched Weir plate Overland Flow Cross-section of runoff gutter which captures the overland flow and discharges to a weir in order to measure flow Discharge to Land Surface via conduit 12/4/2018

Runoff Test-bed Photographs 12/4/2018

Runoff Test-bed Data June 25-26, 2002 12/4/2018

Soil Moisture Frequency domain Continuously monitors wetting as well as drying Captures upward flux Captures air entrapment Typical probe includes 8 transducers spaced at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 70, 100, 150cm below land surface 12/4/2018

Soil Moisture Probes Installation Photographs 12/4/2018

Soil Moisture Probes Photographs 12/4/2018

Geo-probe Soil Sampling 12/4/2018

Soil Texture Analysis 12/4/2018

Soil Moisture Profiles PS 41 Soil Moisture Profile Response to 1.97 Inches of Rain on 2/22/02 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 5 10 15 25 30 35 45 Moisture (%) Depth (cm) 2/22/2002 9:50 Water Table 2/23/2002 3:20 2/23/2002 21:00 2/24/2002 21:00 2/26/2002 21:00 2/28/2002 21:00 3/1/2002 21:00 12/4/2018

Soil Moisture Profiles PS 43 Soil Moisture Profile Response to 1.97 Inches of Rain on 2/22/02 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 5 10 15 25 30 35 45 Moisture (%) Depth (cm) 2/22/2002 9:50 Water Table 2/23/2002 3:30 2/23/2002 21:00 2/24/2002 21:00 2/26/2002 21:00 2/28/2002 21:00 3/1/2002 21:00 12/4/2018

Variable Specific Yield y = 0.0056x 2 + 0.0047x R = 0.6087 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 1 3 4 5 depth below land surface (feet) S y Estimated Specific Yield Poly. (Estimated Specific Yield) Variable Specific Yield 12/4/2018

Preliminary Results Air entrapment is an important process Event pressurization Prolonged encapsulation Specific yield is not constant (shallow water table) Small ET and recharge fluxes result in significant water table fluctuations Saturation excess is dominate runoff process Maybe controlled by air entrapment? Vadose zone moisture deficit controls recharge Rainfall intensity effects all above processes 12/4/2018

12/4/2018

Soil Moisture Profiles PS 42 Soil Moisture Profile Response to 1.97 Inches of Rain on 2/22/02 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 5 10 15 25 30 35 45 Moisture (%) Depth (cm) 2/22/2002 9:50 Water Table 2/23/2002 3:30 2/23/2002 21:00 "Water Table" 2/24/2002 21:00 2/26/2002 21:00 2/28/2002 21:00 3/1/2002 21:00 12/4/2018

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