Chapter 13. 3 Fascism in Italy & Mussolini

Chaos in Italy 1915 Italy was promised lands by the Allies that belonged to Austria-Hungary. They only got some, the rest went to the newly created Yugoslavia Italians angry Italians inspired by Russian Rev Peasants also revolted, took land Workers went on strike Trade declined, taxes rose

Benito Mussolini Mussolini: rejected socialism Embraced intense nationalism 1919 organized veterans and unhappy Italians into the Fascist party. Latin: fasces, bundle of sticks wrapped around an ax In Ancient Rome fasces = authority and unity

Mussolini intimidates Organize supporters into combat squads “black shirts”, party militants that rejected the democratic process for violence Attacked socialists, the press and farmers’ crops terror and intimidation to get rid of elected officials in northern Italy

Mussolini Gains Power 1922 Mussolini and Black Shirts March on Rome King Victor Emmanuel III asks Mussolini to organize a new gov’t and for Mussolini to be the prime minister. Oct. 20, 1929 Mussolini in control, with the legal permission of the King

Control of the Economy Mussolini brought economy under state control Ending capitalism in Italy Fascists controlled agriculture, industry and trade His system favored the upper classes

“The individual is nothing” The state is most important Individuals are nothing. Slogans glorified Mussolini and the state Women who had more than 14 kids were given a medal by Mussolini personally Shaping the young a goal of Fascists Fascist youth groups taught kids to be tough and obedient

Fascism? Mussolini built the first totalitarian state This is a one party dictatorship that regulates all parts of life Fascist have no unifying theory ( no book like Communists) Glorification of the state Destruction of human rights

Fascism and Democracy Fascists do not like democracy Fascist think democracy led to corruption and weakness They think democracy puts the individual before the state.

Fascism and Communism THEY HATE COMMUNISTS AND SOCIALISTS!! Communists want international change Fascists pursue nationalist goals Fascists like the rich and elite Communists say they want a classless society that favors the workers.

How are they the same? Similarities of Fascism and Communism Terror Control Special police force propaganda