Moles College chem 2016

A mole is an amount of substance that contains as many elementary entities (atoms, molecules, formula units) as there are atoms in exactly 12 g of carbon-12

Avogadro’s number 6.0221415 x 1023 particles Named for mathematician Amadeo Avogadro, who first proposed that gases that had equal volumes would have equal numbers of particles. Determined by calculating charge of an electron divided into the charge of a mole of electrons, also known as a faraday.

Molar Mass The mass in grams of one mole of any substance is that substance’s molar mass Units grams/mole = to the average atomic weight of an atom Go to 4 significant figures

Molar mass of compounds A mole is an amount of substance that contains as many elementary entities (atoms, molecules, formula units) as there are atoms in exactly 12 g of carbon-12

Make a Mole Map Moles

Make a Mole Map Moles grams

Make a Mole Map Moles x molar mass x g/mole grams

Make a Mole Map Moles ÷molar mass ÷ g/mole x molar mass x g/mole grams

Moles Make a Mole Map grams particles ÷molar mass ÷ g/mole x molar mass x g/mole grams

Moles Make a Mole Map grams particles ÷molar mass ÷ g/mole X particles/mole X 6.02 x 1023 x molar mass x g/mole grams

Moles Make a Mole Map grams particles ÷molar mass ÷ g/mole ÷ particles/mole ÷ 6.02x1023 particles X particles/mole X 6.02 x 1023 x molar mass x g/mole grams

Converting from moles to grams Multiple the number of moles times the molar mass to get grams Set up so your units cancel 10 moles of Carbon…. 10 moles x 12.01 g/mole=120.1 grams of Carbon 2.5 moles of CH4 …. 2.5 moles x 16.04 g/mole=40.11 g

Converting from moles to particles When given moles, multiply x 6.02 x 1023 particles/mole When starting with particles, divide by 6.02 x 1023 particles/mole

Real World Moles (wiki) Given that the volume of a grain of sand is approximately 10-12 m3, and given that the area of the United States is about 1013m2, it therefore follows that a mole of sand grains would cover the United States in approximately one centimeter of sand. A human body contains very roughly one hundred trillion cells; there are roughly six billion people on Earth; so the total number of human cells on the planet is approximately 100×1012*6×109=6×1023, which is very close to one mole. Since the Earth has a radius of about 6400 km, its volume is approximately 1021 m3. Since about 500 large grapefruit will fit in one cubic meter, it therefore follows that a mole of grapefruit would have approximately the same volume as the Earth. If you had exactly one mole of sheets of paper, you could make one million equal stacks from sea level on the earth that would pass the sun. If you had a mole of pennies, you could give out enough money to everyone in the world so that they could spend a million dollars every hour, day and night, for the rest of their lives. If you wanted to use trial and error to find the combination to an e-mail password that contained exactly six alphanumeric characters, it would take you up to 6^36 different tries, which is approximately 1028, which is over 17,000 moles.