Communities & Biomes

Biotic & Abiotic Factors Living organisms Abiotic = Nonliving Soil,Air,Water Substrate

1.Community: Biotic factors All the Plants & Animals In a given area ? Community of Del Mar

Forest Community ………….. Deciduous trees Deer Fox Skunks Insects Shrubs Grasses

Ecosystem: Both biotic and abiotic factors in a large area:

2. Limiting Factor Limits Growth Biotic or Abiotic Too much or Too little

Ranges of Tolerance Range over which a population or organism can successfully survive & grow Too much or too little of an environmental factor can be limiting

3. Succession Orderly change Over time Natural Species Replacement In a community or ecosystem

Succession communities: 3. Climax community 2. Intermediate species Pioneer species

Pioneer species: Lichens (algae & fungi) break apart rock to make soil Grasses Annual flowers Mosses

Climax Community: final set of organisms suited to that climate

Deciduous Climax Forest

San Diego Coastal Sage & Chaparral Climax Community

Types of Succession Secondary Primary After a “blowout” Re-establish a community Already had living organisms Fire, flood, human disruption Primary 1st time plants or animals are established New island Volcanoes Bare soil, rock

New island= Primary Succession

Secondary Succession will follow!

Primary Or Secondary?

BOTH PRIMARY & SECONDARY have these Succession communities: 3. Climax community 2. Intermediate species Pioneer species

Biome biotic community dominant plants and animals unique climate Biomes of the World

BIOMES Tundra Coniferous Forest Deciduous Forest Desert Grassland Rainforest