History Snapshot: Dietetics Student Experience in the 1940s Karen Stein, MFA  Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics  Volume 114, Issue 10, Pages 1648-1662 (October 2014) DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2014.08.001 Copyright © 2014 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 A session listed in the program book for the 1946 Food & Nutrition Conference & Expo (then called “annual meeting”) in Cincinnati, OH, include a panel discussion about how to let college students know about a career in dietetics. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2014 114, 1648-1662DOI: (10.1016/j.jand.2014.08.001) Copyright © 2014 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 A sampling of the education-focused sessions offered at the 1942 annual meeting (now called Food & Nutrition Conference & Expo) from the event’s original program book. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2014 114, 1648-1662DOI: (10.1016/j.jand.2014.08.001) Copyright © 2014 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Terms and Conditions

Student dietitians sit in the ward dietitian’s office, writing special diet orders and completing food requisition forms. (Photo courtesy of The Alan Mason Chesney Medical Archives of The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions.) Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2014 114, 1648-1662DOI: (10.1016/j.jand.2014.08.001) Copyright © 2014 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Terms and Conditions

Dietitians perform ward rounds with the medical and nursing staff at Johns Hopkins Hospital. Note the open window in the room. Florence Nightingale was an advocate for fresh air in hospital rooms5 and, though the first hospital air conditioner was installed in 1906,6 open hospital windows were not uncommon in the 1940s. Of note, some researchers have recently advocated for a return to open windows.7,8 (Photo courtesy of The Alan Mason Chesney Medical Archives of The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions.) Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2014 114, 1648-1662DOI: (10.1016/j.jand.2014.08.001) Copyright © 2014 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Terms and Conditions

Before leaving the main kitchen to be delivered to various wards, a dietitian checks the trays. (Photo courtesy of The Alan Mason Chesney Medical Archives of The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions.) Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2014 114, 1648-1662DOI: (10.1016/j.jand.2014.08.001) Copyright © 2014 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Terms and Conditions

Student dietitians were responsible for checking patient trays before they were delivered to the central service unit. (Photo courtesy of The Alan Mason Chesney Medical Archives of The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions.) Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2014 114, 1648-1662DOI: (10.1016/j.jand.2014.08.001) Copyright © 2014 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Terms and Conditions

A student dietitian explains food values to patients with diabetes in a food clinic. (Photo courtesy of The Alan Mason Chesney Medical Archives of The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions.) Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2014 114, 1648-1662DOI: (10.1016/j.jand.2014.08.001) Copyright © 2014 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Terms and Conditions

A student dietitian instructs an ambulatory patient in the food clinic. (Photo courtesy of The Alan Mason Chesney Medical Archives of The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions.) Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2014 114, 1648-1662DOI: (10.1016/j.jand.2014.08.001) Copyright © 2014 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Terms and Conditions

A medical resident presents a ward patient for a discussion about disease with dietitians and other professional staff at Johns Hopkins Hospital. Although nutrition therapy was the purview of medical staff at that time and dietitians had little direct contact with patients, medical training in that realm was minimal.29 At schools like Johns Hopkins, dietitians were often responsible for training the nursing staff in dietetics. (Photo courtesy of The Alan Mason Chesney Medical Archives of The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions.) Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2014 114, 1648-1662DOI: (10.1016/j.jand.2014.08.001) Copyright © 2014 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Terms and Conditions

Dietitians served lunch to wards at the Harriet Lane Home for Children at the Johns Hopkins Hospital, the first children’s clinic associated with a medical school. Although the clinic closed in 1972 and the building was razed in 1974, it was relocated to the David M. Rubenstein Child Health Building when it opened in 2006. Now called the Harriet Lane Clinic, this training site for students in the medical professions provides nutrition-related services to patients.31 (Photo courtesy of The Alan Mason Chesney Medical Archives of The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions.) Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2014 114, 1648-1662DOI: (10.1016/j.jand.2014.08.001) Copyright © 2014 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Terms and Conditions

Student dietitians learned formula preparation at the Johns Hopkins Hospital Harriet Lane Home for Children. (Photo courtesy of The Alan Mason Chesney Medical Archives of The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions.) Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2014 114, 1648-1662DOI: (10.1016/j.jand.2014.08.001) Copyright © 2014 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Terms and Conditions

A meal is served to a dietitian at a Johns Hopkins Hospital cafeteria for dietitians, nurses, and other professional groups. (Photo courtesy of The Alan Mason Chesney Medical Archives of The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions.) Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2014 114, 1648-1662DOI: (10.1016/j.jand.2014.08.001) Copyright © 2014 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Terms and Conditions

The dietitians had their own residence across from Johns Hopkins Hospital. Here, they are relaxing during off-duty hours in the living room of their quarters. (Photo courtesy of The Alan Mason Chesney Medical Archives of The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions.) Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2014 114, 1648-1662DOI: (10.1016/j.jand.2014.08.001) Copyright © 2014 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Terms and Conditions

A handful of dietitians in one of the bedrooms of the dietitians’ residence across from Johns Hopkins Hospital. (Photo courtesy of The Alan Mason Chesney Medical Archives of The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions.) Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 2014 114, 1648-1662DOI: (10.1016/j.jand.2014.08.001) Copyright © 2014 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Terms and Conditions