Volcanoes.

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Presentation transcript:

Volcanoes

Volcanism Volcanism-movement of magma on or inside the earth Magma forms dome mountains when it pushes up the crust of earth Magma can flow through the surface of earth Lava-magma on the earth’s surface

Parts of the Volcano Vent-opening from which lava flows A volcano is the vent and the volcanic cone Volcanic cone-is the pile of lava, dust, ash, and rock particles around the vent Crater-is a funnel-shaped pit at the top of a volcanic cone Caldera-forms when the walls of a crater fall back into a vent or top explodes

Volcanic Eruptions Volcanic eruptions may be quiet or explosive Quiet eruption-lava flows freely through a vent or a fissure Explosive eruption-shoot rocks, lava, gases, ash, and dust high into the air Different kinds of volcanic eruptions form different kinds of volcanic cones

Shield Cones Shield Cone-Made up of Hardened Lava Shield Cone forms from quiet eruption Lava builds up to form a cone and it has a wide base Mauna Loa in Hawaiian Islands is the largest shield cone

Mauna Loa

Cinder Cones Cinder cones-volcanic cones made up of rock particles, dust, and ash Cinder cones are formed from explosive eruptions Cinder cones have steep sides and narrow bases. Paricutin in Mexico is a cinder cone

Paricutin

Composite Cones Composite cones-volcanic cone made up of alternating layers of lava and rock particles Composite cones are formed from both quiet and explosive eruptions After many quiet and explosive eruptions, a very high volcanic cone is formed Cone is wide with steep sides Mount St. Helens is a composite volcano

Mt. St. Helen http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xP2dreOI8gI

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