Yr Chemistry Moles and solutions

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Presentation transcript:

Yr Chemistry Moles and solutions What units do we use to measure concentration of solutions?

Moles and solutions Objective: to know how we can calculate concentration Outcomes: carry out calculations, using amount of substance in mol, involving solution volume and concentration deduce stoichiometric relationships from calculations use the terms concentrated and dilute as qualitative descriptions for the concentration of a solution.

How can we measure moles of a dissolved substance? In chemistry we are very often reacting dissolved substances. In a solution there is the solute and the solvent. Usually we are interested in how much solute we have. The amount of solute that there is in a certain volume of solvent is called the …? Concentration!

The concentration of a solution is how many moles are dissolved per dm3 (1 litre) of solution. The units are mol dm-3

Concentrations Concentrations are measured in: moles per decimetre cubed - mol.dm-3 A chemist dissolves 0.25 moles of NaCl (14.625g) in one litre of water. What is the concentration? 0.25 mol.dm-3 How much NaCl would have to be dissolved in 250ml of water to get the same concentration?

Molarities Concentrations are traditionally expressed in molarities. A solution that is 1 mol.dm-3 is described as being 1 molar (1M) A solution that is 0.25 mol.dm-3 is described as being: 0.25M This is the terminology that you usually see on the side of bottles of chemicals.

Calculating concentration Find out how many moles of solute you have. Find out how many dm-3 of solution you have. Perform the simple calculation:

Calculating concentration Find out how many moles of solute you have. Moles = Mass Mr Find out how many dm3 of solution you have. Volume in dm3 = volume in cm3 1000

Calculating concentration Perform the simple calculation: concentration(mol.dm-3) = moles . volume (dm3)

Practise Starters for 10 Page 55 edexcel revision guide OCR text book page 17

Mass concentration The concentration of a solution can also be measured by how many grams of a substance are dissolved per dm3 of the solution. Mass concentration is expressed as the mass of solute in 1dm-3 of solution: concentration(g.dm-3) = mass(g) . volume (dm3)

Practise Complete question 3 on page 17 ocr book