Nature of Energy Chapter 4.1.

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Presentation transcript:

Nature of Energy Chapter 4.1

Energy Not matter (no mass, doesn’t take up space) Ability to do work or raise in temperature Any change involves energy Change in position Change in chemical composition Change in temperature

How many forms of energy can you list?

Different Forms of Energy Electrical- movement of electrons Chemical- making and breaking bonds in substances Radiant- light Thermal- heat

Kinetic Energy Energy a moving object has because of its motion Depends on objects mass and speed Kinetic energy = 1/2mv2 SI Unit for Energy = Joule (J) = kgm2/s2

Practice Question 1 KE= 0.5mv2 KE= 0.5 (2) (10) 2 KE= 100 J How much KE does a 2 kg object traveling 10 m/s have? KE= 0.5mv2 KE= 0.5 (2) (10) 2 KE= 100 J

Practice Question 2 If a 5 m/s object has 100 J of KE, what must its mass be? 100 J = 0.5m(5) 2 m= 8 kg

Potential Energy Even motionless objects have energy Energy is stored in the object Has potential to cause change Stored energy due to its position

Different Forms of Potential Energy Elastic potential energy Energy stored in something that can compress or stretch Examples: Springs, rubber bands Chemical Potential Energy Energy stored in chemical bonds Gravitational Potential Energy Energy stored by an object due to its position above Earth’s surface

Gravitational Potential Energy PE = mgh PE = mass x acceleration due to gravity x height

Practice problem How much energy does a 60 kg person have if they are on top of a rollercoaster hill 100 meters in the air? PE = mgh PE = 50 x 9.8 x 100 PE = 49,000 J

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