Warm-Up – 2/13 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: What are the three flight situations in which a stall may occur? In a turn what must be applied to the yoke/stick to increase the aircraft AOA and if excessive AOA occurs in a turn what may happen to the aircraft? What happens to the airfoil shape if ice, snow or sleet is allowed to form on the airfoil and what effect does this have on the airflow? If ice is allowed to form on the airfoil what is increased and what is decreased as a result?

Questions / Comments

Warm-Up – 2/13 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: What are the three flight situations in which a stall may occur? In a turn what must be applied to the yoke/stick to increase the aircraft AOA and if excessive AOA occurs in a turn what may happen to the aircraft? What happens to the airfoil shape if ice, snow or sleet is allowed to form on the airfoil and what effect does this have on the airflow? If ice is allowed to form on the airfoil what is increased and what is decreased as a result?

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers Stalls There are three flight situations in which the critical AOA can be exceeded: low speed, high speed, and turning.

Warm-Up – 2/13 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: What are the three flight situations in which a stall may occur? In a turn what must be applied to the yoke/stick to increase the aircraft AOA and if excessive AOA occurs in a turn what may happen to the aircraft? What happens to the airfoil shape if ice, snow or sleet is allowed to form on the airfoil and what effect does this have on the airflow? If ice is allowed to form on the airfoil what is increased and what is decreased as a result?

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers Stalls In a turn, additional lift is acquired by applying back pressure to the elevator control. This increases the wing’s AOA, and results in increased lift.

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers Stalls If during a turn the AOA becomes excessive, the aircraft stalls.

Warm-Up – 2/13 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: What are the three flight situations in which a stall may occur? In a turn what must be applied to the yoke/stick to increase the aircraft AOA and if excessive AOA occurs in a turn what may happen to the aircraft? What happens to the airfoil shape if ice, snow or sleet is allowed to form on the airfoil and what effect does this have on the airflow? If ice is allowed to form on the airfoil what is increased and what is decreased as a result?

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers Stalls Airfoil shape and degradation of that shape must also be considered in a discussion of stalls. If ice, snow, and frost are allowed to accumulate on the surface of an aircraft, the smooth airflow over the wing is disrupted.

Warm-Up – 2/13 – 10 minutes Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions: What are the three flight situations in which a stall may occur? In a turn what must be applied to the yoke/stick to increase the aircraft AOA and if excessive AOA occurs in a turn what may happen to the aircraft? What happens to the airfoil shape if ice, snow or sleet is allowed to form on the airfoil and what effect does this have on the airflow? If ice is allowed to form on the airfoil what is increased and what is decreased as a result?

Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers Stalls If ice is allowed to accumulate on the aircraft during flight the weight of the aircraft is increased while the ability to generate lift is decreased.

Questions / Comments

THIS DAY IN AVIATION February 13 In 1913... At the second British Aero Show in London, the world's first airplane specifically designed to carry a gun, 37-mm cannon on biplane, is displayed for the first time. Called Destroyer and built by Vickers, Sons & Maxim, it is officially called the Experimental Fighting Biplane No.1 (E.F.B.1).

THIS DAY IN AVIATION February 13 In 1919... The first post- war French commercial service is established on a route from Paris to Lille for the carriage of food and clothing to France's northern departments.

THIS DAY IN AVIATION February 13 In 1943... The Vought F4U Corsair naval fighter makes its operational debut in Solomon Island, escorting PB4Y-1 Liberators (the US Navy's version of the B-24) raiding Bougainville.

THIS DAY IN AVIATION February 13 In 1972... The Soviet Union has started to use Cuba as a base from which to spy on the US. The first mission is flown by two Soviet Tu-95, which surveys part of the east coast.

Questions / Comments

February 2018 Quiz HOLIDAY 29 30 31 1 2 Flight Line Friday 3 4 5 6 7 8 Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 29 Chapter 4 Aerodynamics of Flight 30 31 1 Quiz 2 Flight Line Friday 3   4 5 6 7 8 9 QUIZ 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 TEST 17 18 19 HOLIDAY 20 Chapter 5 Flight Controls 21 22 23 24 25 26 Chapter 6 Flight Systems 27

1st Quarter Requirements (21 days of Class Meetings – Mar 16) All students will complete the following: Take notes - All in class quizzes and tests Complete Flight Sim. Tutorials (1 – 5 x 3 + 1) Aircraft Fam. and Student Pilot Syllabus Lessons 1 – 7 (Straight & Level Flight through First Solo) Must pass written with 80% Successfully complete 3 times on small sim Successfully complete 1 time on Main sim Complete ERAU Aviation 101 6 quizzes and 2 tests Student will receive zero points for all incomplete work – NO make-up / extra credit

Questions / Comments

Chapter 4 – Aerodynamics of Flight FAA – Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge

Today’s Mission Requirements Identify in writing the forces acting on an aircraft in flight. Describe how the forces of flight work and how to control them with the use of power and flight controls essential to flight. Describe the aerodynamics of flight. Describe in writing how design, weight, load factors, and gravity affect an aircraft during flight maneuvers. EQ: Describe the importance of Aeronautical Knowledge for the student pilot learning to fly.

Basic Propeller Principles Left Turning Tendencies

Basic Propeller Principles The aircraft propeller consists of two or more blades and a central hub to which the blades are attached. Each blade of an aircraft propeller is essentially a rotating wing.

Basic Propeller Principles The propeller blades are like airfoils and produce forces that create the thrust to pull, or push, the aircraft through the air.

Basic Propeller Principles Propeller blades are twisted to change the blade angle in proportion to the differences in speed of rotation along the length of the propeller, keeping thrust more nearly equalized along this length.

Torque and P-Factor “Torque” (the left turning tendency of the airplane) is made up of elements which cause or produce a twisting or rotating motion around at least one of the airplane’s three axes.

Torque Reaction The internal engine parts and propeller are revolving in one direction, an equal force is trying to rotate the aircraft in the opposite direction.

Torque Reaction When the aircraft is airborne, this force is acting around the longitudinal axis, tending to make the aircraft roll.

Torque Reaction NOTE: Most United States built aircraft engines rotate the propeller clockwise, as viewed from the pilot’s seat.

Torque Reaction When the aircraft’s wheels are on the ground during the takeoff roll, an additional turning moment around the vertical axis is induced by torque reaction. The takeoff roll is corrected by the pilot’s use of the rudder or rudder trim.

Summary To maintain positive control of the aircraft in all flight conditions, the pilot must apply the flight controls as necessary to compensate for these varying values.

Questions / Comments

1st Quarter Requirements (21 days of Class Meetings – Mar 16) All students will complete the following: Take notes - All in class quizzes and tests Complete Flight Sim. Tutorials (1 – 5 x 3 + 1) Aircraft Fam. and Student Pilot Syllabus Lessons 1 – 7 (Straight & Level Flight through First Solo) Must pass written with 80% Successfully complete 3 times on small sim Successfully complete 1 time on Main sim Complete ERAU Aviation 101 6 quizzes and 2 tests Student will receive zero points for all incomplete work – NO make-up / extra credit

Lesson Closure - 3 – 2 - 1 2. List 2 things you have questions about today’s lesson. 3. List 3 things you learned today. 1. Create (1) quiz question with answer about today’s lesson.