Foreign Affairs Watergate

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Presentation transcript:

Foreign Affairs Watergate The Nixon Presidency Foreign Affairs Watergate

What do you know about Nixon?

Election of 1968 Richard Nixon (Republican) wins

Nixon and Foreign Affairs Realpolitik- foreign policy based on power of other nations, not ideals or morals Weak countries (Vietnam)? “Ignore” them Powerful countries (USSR & China)? Engage / deal with them Henry Kissinger- Nixon’s National Security Advisor and Eventual Secretary of State (hoodie and wall clock For sale

Detente Policy aimed at easing Cold War tensions Nixon visits China (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=neVsSxuJ17w ) February 1972- recognize for first time since 1949 Agree to expand diplomatic and economic relations

Détente… USSR May 1972- Nixon goes to Moscow- 1st president ever SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks) SALT I Treaty: Limits number of ICBMs and submarine launched missiles

How can realpolitik and détente be seen as a departure from “containment” and/or brinksmanship? *****How did Nixon’s successful policy of “détente” allow him to remove US troops from Vietnam “with honor”?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9pOl6MmoFPg Watergate: 1972- break-in at Democratic Headquarters in Watergate Hotel Nixon involved in cover up- refuses to hand over tapes to investigators, claiming EXECUTIVE PRIVILEGE SUPREME COURT orders them turned over August 5, 1974- tapes turned over HOUSE- votes to impeach him Before Senate can try him, Nixon RESIGNS

Checks and balances review EXECUTIVE: What power does Nixon claim to have to not hand over tapes? JUDICIAL: Who forces him to hand over tapes? LEGISLATIVE: What power does the House use against him?

Nixon and Vietnam “Vietnamization”: Prepare South Vietnam to defend itself 1st? Secretly bombs “Ho Chi Minh Trail” in Cambodia Starts Civil War there

What is “impeachment”? Why did CRP burgle Watergate hotel?

…Nixon While bombing, brings troops home slowly 500,000 to 25,000 troops, 1969- 1972 Peace talks begin in Paris

End of war 1973- cease fire is arranged 1974- last troops leave

Aftermath US continues to aid S Vietnam w/ $$$$ April 1975- Vietnam reunited, communist Modern day celebration of “Reunification Day”

…Aftermath Cambodia goes Communist Brutal reign of terror by (Pol Pot) Khmer Rouge

Aftermath… > 58,000 American dead > 1,000,000 Vietnamese

Backlash against Presidential Power “Pentagon Papers” leaked in 1971 Proof the gov’t was planning on entering war even while LBJ was saying they wouldn’t “War Powers Act”- 1973 President MUST inform Congress within 48 hours if troops are mobilized Congress must approve or declare war within 90 days ***Limits the power of the president***