Copyright © Steven W. Johnson SE 370: Programming Web Services Week 11: JSON & RESTful Copyright © Steven W. Johnson February 1, 2013

Today: asdf

JSON: REST uses JSON to transmit data

JSON: JavaScript Object Notation Douglas Crockford (2002) JSON: text-based, open data interchange system

JSON: Purpose: data interchange (kavşak) format serialize data for network transmission passes objects as strings from server to client Intention: a light-weight alternative to XML Incorporated into ISO Part of ECMAScript, RFC 4627

JSON: M. C. Escher: (1898 – 1972)

JSON: Basic format of JSON: all data held in square brackets each record held in curly brackets field is made up of: field name in quotes value written appropriate to its data type name/value pairs delimited by commas [ {“name”: value, “name”: “value”}, {“name”: value, “name”: “value”} ]

JSON: JSON formatting options: Ajax format for JSON employees = [ {"firstName":"John", "lastName":"Doe", "age":"18"}, {"firstName":"Peter", "lastName":"Jones", "age":"21"} ]; http://www.json.org/

JSON: REST: each record in curly brackets all records in square brackets array = [{0, 1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6, 7}, {8, 9, 10, 11}]; 1 2 3 [0,0] [0,1] [0,2] [0,3] [1,0] [1,1] [1,2] [1,3] [2,0] [2,1] [2,2] [2,3] array[2][1]; //9 array[1][3]; //7 http://www.json.org/

JSON: Each represents the same data; “records” Effectively a database table students = [ {“name”:“Ali”, “age”:”20”, “bolum”:“MBBF” }, {“name”:“Bahar”, “age”:”21”, “bolum”:“ITF” } ]; Students Name Age Bolum Gender Ali 20 MBBF Erkek Bahar 21 ITF Hanim students[1].age //21

JSON: An array of arrays or a database with 2 tables ‘Company’ is DB, tables ‘employees’, ‘managers’ var company = {“employees”: [ { "firstName":"John" , "lastName":"Doe" , "age":"18"}, { "firstName":"Anna" , "lastName":"Smith" , "age":"20"}, { "firstName":"Peter" , "lastName":"Jones" , "age":"21"} ], “managers”: [ { "firstName":"Alice" , "lastName":“Williams" , "age":"19"}, { "firstName":"Carla" , "lastName":“Walker" , "age":"23"}, { "firstName":"Joe" , "lastName":“Evans" , "age":"22"} ] } document.write(company.employees[2].firstName); //Peter document.write(company.managers[1].age); //23

JSON: Update table values also var company = {“employees”: [ { "firstName":"John" , "lastName":"Doe" , "age":"18"}, { "firstName":"Anna" , "lastName":"Smith" , "age":"20"}, { "firstName":"Peter" , "lastName":"Jones" , "age":"21"} ], “managers”: [ { "firstName":“Alice" , "lastName":“Williams" , "age":"19"}, { "firstName":“Carla" , "lastName":“Walker" , "age":"23"}, { "firstName":“Joe" , "lastName":“Evans" , "age":"22"} ] } company.employees[2].firstName= “Steve”;

JSON: x-dimensional array saved as ‘employees’ objname[i]fieldname: { "firstName":"John" , "lastName":"Doe" , "age":18}, { "firstName":"Anna" , "lastName":"Smith" , "age":20}, { "firstName":"Peter" , "lastName":"Jones" , "age":21} ]; document.write(employees[1].age); //20

JSON: JSON supports UTF-8; Notepad doesn’t Must save UTF-8 files using UTF-8, not ANSI

JSON: Derived from JavaScript to represent objects: simple data structures associative arrays parsers available for many languages

JSON: JSON versus XML: “students”= [ {“name”: “Ali”, “age”: “20”, “bolum”: “MBBF”}, {“name”: “Bahar”, “age”: “21”, “bolum”: “ITF”} ] <?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“utf-8”?> <students> <student> <name>Ali</name> <age>20</age> <bolum>MBBF</bolum> <gender>Erkek</gender> </student> <name>Bahar</name> <age>21</age> <bolum>ITF</bolum> <gender>Hanim</gender> </students>

{“firstname”: “Canan”} JSON: MIME type: application/json Extension: .json Basic form: uses name/value pairs JSON can be stored in either .json and .txt ¸ data.txt {“firstname”: “Canan”} firstname = “Canan”; data.json 17 17

JSON advantages: JSON is JavaScript ‘XML’ with anorexia; faster to parse* Easier to write, lightweight, less verbose True data format, not a meta language <name>Steve</name> “name”: “Steve”,

JSON similarities: True for both XML and JSON: language independent cross-platform self-describing human readable hierarchical (data in data, values describing values)

JSON disadvantages: JSON is JavaScript Requires use of ‘eval’ function* Reserved JavaScript keywords can’t be used as element names XML is more familiar, more like HTML XML more precise due to specific DTD XML has better support

JSON: Data types of JSON: (just like JavaScript) number (JavaScript has no ‘float’ and ‘integer’) string Boolean array object null

JSON versus XML: Both describe objects as strings Both are suitable for use in web services Both enjoy broad support, libraries, etc Tools exist to convert Data conversion can easily be done manually <name>Steve</name> “name”: “Steve”,

JSON: <name>Ali</name> Convert XML to JSON: b=indexOf(">") c=lastIndexOf("<") a=indexOf("<") d=lastIndexOf("<") <name>Ali</name> "name"=substr(a+1,b-1) "Ali"=substring(b+1,c) "</"+name+">" String.substr (start, # of characters); String.substring(start, finish);

JSON: <name>Ali</name> Convert XML to JSON: b=indexOf(">") c=lastIndexOf("<") a=indexOf("<") d=lastIndexOf("<") <name>Ali</name> "name"=substr(a+1,b-1) "Ali"=substring(b+1,c) document.write(name, value);

JSON: Convert XML to JSON: <firstname>Ali</firstname> <lastname>Zeybek</lastname> <age>23</age> for (i=0; i<length; i++) { name = String[i].substr(a+1,b-1) value = String[i].substring(b+1,c) document.write("\""+name+"\": \""+value+"\", "); } for (i=0; i<length; i++) { name = String.substr(a+1,b-1) value = String.substring(b+1,c) document.write(name, value); }

Lab: JSON Parser Convert XML to name/value pairs Output: “CustomerNumber”: “3568”, Assume data held in single string ‘data’ <Cust>123</Cust> <First>Ali</First> Data= “<CustomerNumber>7458</CustomerNumber> <FirstName>Elif</FirstName> <Surname>Bardukoglu</Surname> <Discount>5</Discount>”; <CustomerNumber>7458</CustomerNumber> <FirstName>Elif</FirstName> <Surname>Bardukoglu</Surname> <Discount>5</Discount>

Lab: JSON Parser <script> data = "<CustomerNumber>7458</CustomerNumber> <FirstName>Elif</FirstName> <Surname>Bardukoglu</Surname> <Discount>5</Discount>"; var rawdata = data.split(" "); count = rawdata.length; for (i=0; i<count; i++) { namestart = rawdata[i].indexOf("<"); nameend = rawdata[i].indexOf(">"); nametext = rawdata[i].substring(namestart + 1, nameend); valuestart = nameend; valueend = rawdata[i].lastIndexOf("<"); valuetext = rawdata[i].substring(valuestart + 1, valueend); document.write("\""+nametext+"\": \""+valuetext+"\""); if (i < count-1) document.write(", "); } </script>

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Lab: JSON Parser Convert JSON to XML: <students> <student> <name>Ali</name> <age>20</age> <bolum>MBBF</bolum> </student> <name>Bahar</name> <age>21</age> <bolum>ITF</bolum> </students> student=[ {"name":"Ali","age":"20","bolum":"MBBF"}, {"name":"Bahar","age":"21","bolum":"ITF"} ];

Lab: JSON Parser Convert JSON to XML: Root element is ‘students’ (not considered) ‘Students’ is root element Text before “=” is like record name Rows are like records; holds field names, values student=[ {"name":"Ali","age":"20","bolum":"MBBF"}, {"name":"Bahar","age":"21","bolum":"ITF"} ];

Lab: JSON Parser Convert JSON to XML: (format is different) Assume no spaces in the ‘data’ student=[{"name":"Ali","age":"20","bolum":"MBBF"},{"name":"Bahar","age":"21","bolum":"ITF"}]; <students> <student> <name>Ali</name> <age>20</age> <bolum>MBBF</bolum> </student> <name>Bahar</name> <age>21</age> <bolum>ITF</bolum> </students>

Lab: JSON Parser Convert JSON to XML: (format is different) replace(“\“:\””, “ “) indexOf(“\””) lastIndexOf(“\””) split(“ ”) replace(“\”,\””, “ “) student=[{"name":"Ali","age":"20","bolum":"MBBF"},{"name":"Bahar","age":"21","bolum":"ITF"}]; name Ali age 20 bolum MBBF"}, {"name Bahar age 21 bolum ITF

Quiz: 1. What is the address of the value 24? [2, 1] 12 16 17 5 8 3 24 33 33

Quiz: 2. Place this array in the table: [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 34 34

Quiz: 3. What XML tag is most like a record? <bbb> <aaa> <bbb> <ccc>data</ccc> <ccc>data</ccc> <ccc>data</ccc> </bbb> </aaa> 35 35

Quiz: 4. From <aaa>, the address of <bbb>? 5. Child nodes of <ccc> 6. What is the root node? <aaa>[0].childNodes[0] <aaa> <aaa> <bbb> <ccc>11</ccc> <ccc>22</ccc> <ccc>33</ccc> </bbb> </aaa> 36 36

Quiz: 7. Children of <aaa>? 1 8. Value of <bbb>[0].childNodes[1].childNodes[0].nodeValue 1 22 <aaa> <bbb> <ccc>11</ccc> <ccc>22</ccc> <ccc>33</ccc> </bbb> </aaa> 37 37

Quiz: 9. JSON array of 3 names: friends = [ {“name”:”Ali”, “name”:”Bahar”, “name”:”Canan”} ]; 38 38

Quiz: 10. What is the value of company.employees[1].age? 20 var company = {“employees”: [ { "firstName":"John" , "lastName":"Doe" , "age":18}, { "firstName":"Anna" , "lastName":"Smith" , "age":20}, { "firstName":"Peter" , "lastName":"Jones" , "age":21} ], “managers”: [ { "firstName":“Alice" , "lastName":“Williams" , "age":19}, { "firstName":“Carla" , "lastName":“Walker" , "age":23}, { "firstName":“Joe" , "lastName":“Evans" , "age":22} ] } 39 39

Copyright © Steven W. Johnson SE 370: Programming Web Services Week 12: JSON Copyright © Steven W. Johnson February 1, 2013

Today: asd

Week 2: Labs: Assignment:

Course textbook: asd

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Week 2: Labs: Assignment:

Lab: Hello RESTful Webapps Deploy (rt. Click on project – Deploy) http://localhost:8080/HelloTest/webresources/generic

REST: GET/POST/PUT/DELETE methods of HTTP Requires tomcat Made in maven RESTEasy NetBeans https://netbeans.org/kb/docs/websvc/intro-ws.html http://yiyujia.blogspot.com/2011/09/simple-tutorial-about-creating-jersey.html*** 47

Lab: Web Service using REST Customers in table: @Stateless @Path("customerdb.customer") public class CustomerFacadeREST extends AbstractFacade<Customer> { @PersistenceContext(unitName = "CustomerDBPU") private EntityManager em; public CustomerFacadeREST() { super(Customer.class); } @POST @Override @Consumes({"application/xml", "application/json"}) public void create(Customer entity) { super.create(entity); @PUT public void edit(Customer entity) { super.edit(entity); @DELETE @Path("{id}") public void remove(@PathParam("id") Integer id) { super.remove(super.find(id)); @GET @Produces({"application/xml", "application/json"}) public Customer find(@PathParam("id") Integer id) { return super.find(id); public List<Customer> findAll() { return super.findAll(); @Path("{from}/{to}") public List<Customer> findRange(@PathParam("from") Integer from, @PathParam("to") Integer to) { return super.findRange(new int[]{from, to}); @Path("count") @Produces("text/plain") public String countREST() { return String.valueOf(super.count()); protected EntityManager getEntityManager() { return em;

Lab: Web Service using REST Customers in table: @Stateless @Path("customerdb.customer") public class CustomerFacadeREST extends AbstractFacade<Customer> { @PersistenceContext(unitName = "CustomerDBPU") private EntityManager em; public CustomerFacadeREST() { super(Customer.class); } @POST @Override @Consumes({"application/xml", "application/json"}) public void create(Customer entity) { super.create(entity); @PUT public void edit(Customer entity) { super.edit(entity); @DELETE @Path("{id}") public void remove(@PathParam("id") Integer id) { super.remove(super.find(id)); @GET @Produces({"application/xml", "application/json"}) public Customer find(@PathParam("id") Integer id) { return super.find(id); public List<Customer> findAll() { return super.findAll(); @Path("{from}/{to}") public List<Customer> findRange(@PathParam("from") Integer from, @PathParam("to") Integer to) { return super.findRange(new int[]{from, to}); @Path("count") @Produces("text/plain") public String countREST() { return String.valueOf(super.count()); protected EntityManager getEntityManager() { return em;

Lab: Web Service using REST Create record 14 as yourself {"discountCode":"H","rate":16.00,"customerCollection":[{"customerId":36,"name":"Bob Hosting Corp.","addressline1":"65653 Lake Road","addressline2":"Suite 2323","city":"San Mateo","state":"CA","phone":"650-555-0160","fax":"650-555-0161","email":"www.bobhostcorp.example.com","creditLimit":65000,"discountCode": <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>    <customers>        <customer>            <addressline1>111 E. Las Olivas Blvd</addressline1>            <addressline2>Suite 51</addressline2>            <city>Fort Lauderdale</city>            <creditLimit>100000</creditLimit>            <customerId>1</customerId>            <discountCode>                <discountCode>78</discountCode>                <rate>0.00</rate>            </discountCode>            <email>jumboeagle@example.com</email>            <fax>305-555-0189</fax>            <name>Jumbo Eagle Corp</name>            <phone>305-555-0188</phone>            <state>FL</state>        </customer> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>    <customers>        <customer>            <addressline1>6482 Sokak #33/1</addressline1>            <addressline2>Suite 51</addressline2>            <city>Fort Lauderdale</city>            <creditLimit>100000</creditLimit>            <customerId>14</customerId>            <discountCode>                <discountCode>75</discountCode>                <rate>0.00</rate>            </discountCode>            <email>steve.johnson@gmail.com</email>            <fax>305-555-0189</fax>            <name>Jumbo Eagle Corp</name>            <phone>305-555-0188</phone>            <state>FL</state>        </customer>

Lab: Web Service using REST Create the client application: File – New Project

Lab: Web Service using REST Uncheck ‘Create Main Class’ – Finish

Lab: Web Service using REST Rt. Click Project – New – Entity Classes from Database

Lab: Web Service using REST Add package name - Finish

Lab: Web Service using REST Rt. Click on client project New – Other… - Web Services – RESTful Java Client

Lab: Web Service using REST Create the client application: File – New Project

Copyright © Steven W. Johnson SE 370: Programming Web Services Week 12: JSON Copyright © Steven W. Johnson February 1, 2013

Lab: CRONentry Use CRON to run the client page Asadmin in glassfish-3.1.2.2 – bin http://www.javascool.com/2010/04/15/ejb-timer-service/ rs.next(); int id=921; String customernumber = "ABCD"; String sku = rs.getString("sku"); int qtyordered = rs.getInt("maxstock") - rs.getInt("onhand");

Lab: CRONentry Open ‘Projects’ tab – File – New Project - Java

Lab: CRONentry Name: OrderWS (all server side is ‘order’) Main Class: DBConnect

Lab: CRONentry Gives a class DBConnect /* * To change this template, choose Tools | Templates * and open the template in the editor. */ package orderws; /** * * @author Steve public class DBConnect { * @param args the command line arguments public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO code application logic here }

Lab: CRONentry Connection to DB requires imports: unused import (will be used later) package orderws; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager; import java.sql.SQLException; public class DBConnect { /** * @param args the command line arguments */ public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO code application logic here }

Lab: CRONentry Set up the connection string: Error: ‘unreported exception’ (add try/catch: coming) package orderws; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager; import java.sql.SQLException; public class DBConnect { /** * @param args the command line arguments */ public static void main(String[] args) { String host = “jdbc:derby://localhost:1527/order”; String user = “stevej” String pass = “izmir” Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(host, user, pass); }

Lab: CRONentry Add try/catch framework: public static void main(String[] args) { try { String host = “jdbc:derby://localhost:1527/order”; String user = “stevej” String pass = “izmir” Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(host, user, pass); } catch (SQLException err) { System.out.println(err.getMessage());

Lab: CRONentry Add two imports to top These are used to create the query and recordset import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.sql.Statement; //import java.sql.ResultSet;

Lab: CRONentry Create INSERT query As written, works on single INSERT only Dummy data added to test format Statement stmt = con.createStatement(); int id = 12; String customernumber = "Server"; String sku = "428575 87412"; int qtyordered = 9; String SQL = "INSERT INTO orderentry VALUES ("+id+", '"+customernumber+"', '"+sku+"', "+qtyordered+")"; stmt.executeUpdate(SQL); System.out.println("Successful Execution");

Today: http://www.vogella.com/articles/REST/article.html http://java.dzone.com/news/simple-restful-web-services http://java.dzone.com/articles/easy-way-expose-java-service http://firstinfinity.wordpress.com/modeling_rest_web_services/** http://rathinasaba.wordpress.com/2010/09/05/restful-web-service-sample-in-tomcat/ http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E21764_01/web.1111/e13734/rest.htm http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19798-01/821-1841/giepu/index.html http://docs.oracle.com/javaee/6/tutorial/doc/gipzz.html

Implementations of REST Jersey Restlet JBoss RESTEasy Apache CXF Triaxrs Apache Wink eXo

Lab: Web Service using REST Create the client application: File – New Project

Lab: Web Service using REST Create the client application: File – New Project

Lab: Web Service using REST Create the client application: File – New Project

Lab: Web Service using REST Create the client application: File – New Project

REST: REST architecture describes six constraints: client/server model; separation of concerns Stateless: no memory of prior communications Cacheable Layered system: may use intermediary servers Code on demand (optional) Uniform interface (wikipedia) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representational_state_transfer 73

Lab: Client side of REST DiscountCode.java

Lab: Client side of REST DiscountCode.java

Today: http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/articles/javase/index-137171.html http://www.myeclipseide.com/documentation/quickstarts/webservices_rest/ http://rest.elkstein.org/ http://docs.oracle.com/javaee/6/tutorial/doc/giepu.html http://www.packtpub.com/restful-php-web-services/book http://davidwalsh.name/web-service-php-mysql-xml-json http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/opensource/tutorials/os-php-webservice/ http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/wmbhelp/v7r0m0/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.ibm.etools.mft.samples.jsonrest.doc%2Fdoc%2Fintroduction.htm

Today: RESTful PHP Web Services’, http://www.packtpub.com/restful-php-web-services/book http://www.slideshare.net/jeremycod/consuming-restful-web-services-in-php http://www.mkyong.com/webservices/jax-rs/jersey-hello-world-example/

Today: http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-01-2013/130124-web-services-are-dead-long-live-rest.htmlasd http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/web/library/wa-aj-tomcat/ http://drupal.org/node/1860564 http://code.google.com/p/staff/wiki/ExampleCalculatorService https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/JBoss_Developer_Studio/4.0/html/JBoss_Web_Services_User_Guide/sample_web_service_wizards-sample_restful_web_service .html RESTEasy installed http://community.jaspersoft.com/wiki/getting-started-rest-web-service-api** http://www.9lessons.info/2012/05/create-restful-services-api-in-php.html PHP http://markroland.com/blog/restful-php-api/ http://phpmaster.com/writing-a-restful-web-service-with-slim/ http://www.xfront.com/REST-Web-Services.html

Today: asd