Value & Color 11/20/2018
Color Color- the element of art that is derived from reflected light 11/20/2018
How the Eyes See Color Color originates in light. Sunlight, as we perceive it, is colorless. A rainbow is proof that all the colors of the spectrum are present in white light. As illustrated in the following diagram, light goes from the source (the sun) to the object (the apple), and finally to the detector (the eye and brain). 11/20/2018
Diagram of How the Eyes See Color 1. All the" invisible" colors of sunlight shine on the apple. 2. The surface of a red apple absorbs all the colored light rays, except for those corresponding to red, and reflects this color to the human eye. 3. The eye receives the reflected red light and sends a message to the brain. 11/20/2018
Color Spectrum Color Spectrum- bands of color produced when white light passes through a prism and is broken into separate wavelengths; Color always appears in the same order, by wavelengths from shortest to longest: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet. A rainbow is a natural example of a spectrum. 11/20/2018
The Color Wheel The color spectrum bent into a circle, the color wheel is a useful tool for organizing colors. 11/20/2018
Color Properties: Hue, Value Intensity Hue- The name of a spectral color Value- The lightness or darkness of a color. The color value of any hue can be altered by adding black or white. Shade- a dark value of a hue made by adding black. Tint- a light value of a hue made of a hue made by adding white Chiraroscuro- The use of value contrasts to represent the effects of light and shadow 11/20/2018
Color Properties: Hue, Value Intensity cont’d Intensity (saturation)- the brightness or dullness of a hue a pure hue is high-intensity a dulled hue, or a color mixed with it’s complement is a low-intensity color 11/20/2018
Color Harmonies Also referred to as color schemes, they are combinations of colors that are considered satisfying. Each scheme creates a particular visual effect 11/20/2018
Color Harmonies Harmony can be defined as a pleasing arrangement of parts, whether it be music, poetry, color, or even an ice cream sundae. In visual experiences, harmony is something that is pleasing to the eye. It engages the viewer and it creates an inner sense of order, a balance in the visual experience. When something is not harmonious, it's either boring or chaotic. At one extreme is a visual experience that is so bland that the viewer is not engaged. The human brain will reject under-stimulating information. At the other extreme is a visual experience that is so overdone, so chaotic that the viewer can't stand to look at it. The human brain rejects what it cannot organize, what it cannot understand. The visual task requires that we present a logical structure. Color harmony delivers visual interest and a sense of order. 11/20/2018
Color Harmonies Therefore, extreme unity leads to under-stimulation, or blandness, extreme complexity leads to over- stimulation, or chaos. Harmony is a dynamic equilibrium. 11/20/2018
Color Harmonies cont’d PRIMARY COLORS Red, Yellow and Blue These are the 3 pigment colors that cannot be mixed or formed by any combination of other colors. All other colors are derived from these 3 hues. 11/20/2018
Color Harmonies cont’d SECONDARY COLORS Green, Orange and Violet These are the colors formed by mixing the primary colors. They are in between the primary colors on the color wheel. 11/20/2018
Color Harmonies cont’d INTERMEDIATE COLORS Yellow-orange, red-orange, red-violet, blue-violet, blue-green and yellow-green. These are the colors formed by mixing primary colors with secondary colors. They are located between the primary and secondary colors on the color wheel. 11/20/2018
Color Harmonies cont’d A color scheme based on analogous colors Analogous colors are adjacent, or side by-side on the color wheel, such as yellow green, yellow, and yellow-orange. 11/20/2018
Color Harmonies cont’d A color scheme based on complementary colors Complementary colors are any two colors that are directly opposite each other, such as red and green and red-violet and yellow-green. In the illustration above, there are several variations of yellow-green in the leaves and several variations of red-violet in the orchid. These opposing colors create maximum contrast and maximum stability. 11/20/2018
Color Harmonies cont’d Split Compliments- One hue combined with each side of its compliment: Red, yellow-green, blue-green 11/20/2018
Color Harmonies cont’d A color scheme based on nature Nature provides a perfect departure point for color harmony. In the illustration above, red yellow and green create a harmonious design, regardless of whether this combination fits into a technical formula for color harmony. 11/20/2018
Color Harmonies cont’d Monochromatic- One hue and the values, tints and shades of that hue 11/20/2018
Color Harmonies cont’d Cool Colors- blue, green and violet; the suggest coolness and recede from a viewer 11/20/2018
Color Harmonies cont’d Warm Colors- Red, Orange, Yellow; they suggest warmness and move toward the viewer 11/20/2018