Science and technology as part of the Cold War

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Presentation transcript:

Science and technology as part of the Cold War Arms race, espionage, space race

USA drop first atom bomb at Hiroshima , Second World War in 1945 - clear advantage

Arms race A competition to build up armaments (enormous quantities of nuclear weapons and long-range missiles)

USSR first Soviet atom bomb was produced in 1949

hydrogen bomb Even more deadly form of weapon, much more destructive

MAD each hoped that knowing this would be enough to stop the other side from attacking first (or Mutually Assured Destruction)

SALT talks about reducing the arms race - or Strategic Arms Limitations Talks SALT1: agreement, signed in 1972, first step in slowing down the arms race

Espionage

Espionage: USA CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) U2 spy plane satellites

Espionage: USSR KGB (Soviet Committee for State Security) satellites

Space race A competition to develop best space technology

USSR 1957, the Soviet Union launched the first satellite into space called 'sputnik' (which means 'fellow traveler'). Seemed USSR was ahead in science and technology 1961 Yuri Gagarin became the first human being to orbit the earth and return safely. First to send woman into space

USA Americans began to question the work of their scientists and the quality of their education. President ordered scientists to speed up work on America's own space program US concentrated on being the first to land a human on the moon (1969)

Contrast in lifestyles

USA consumer goods, material wealth, leisure time, prosperous living standards

USSR poor living standards

How did the superpowers make their citizens follow Cold War ideologies?

Citizens to be loyal, not only to their country but to an ideology

Both sides were taught to believe the other side was evil

Politicians, government propaganda, the education system and popular culture all reinforced this message

popular culture forms of popular entertainment, such as music, radio, and films also reflected the Cold War