Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table

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Presentation transcript:

Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table Protons, Neutrons, Electrons and What Those Numbers Mean

When classifying elements on the Periodic Table, 2 different methods are used: The Atomic Number of an element The Atomic Mass of an element

What is Atomic Mass? The average mass of an atom of an element. The sum of the number of protons added to the sum of the number of neutrons.

Find the atomic mass of the following: Lithium Element number 30 Ar Scandium Element number 9 Cl

Atomic Number The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom Also tells us the number of electrons in an atom.

Find the atomic number of the following: Beryllium Ne Tin As Magnesium W

On the Periodic Table.. Atomic number is written on the top left. In the middle is the Chemical Symbol (letter(s) that represent the type of atom) Atomic mass is written on the bottom

How to use the numbers… The number of subatomic particles in an atom can be determined by knowing the atomic number and atomic mass, and that there is an important difference in these numbers.

How to find the 3 subatomic particles: Number of protons is equal to the atomic number Number of electrons is equal to the atomic number Side note: In a neutral atom, the electrons are always equal to the protons. Number of neutrons is calculated by subtracting the atomic number from the atomic mass.

Example Atomic number = 11 Atomic mass = 22.990 Protons = 11 Electrons = 11 Neutrons = 23 (22.990 rounded up) – 11 = 12

Let’s try another… Atomic number = Atomic Mass = Protons = Electrons = Neutrons =