Chapter 3, Section 2: Moving Cellular Materials Objective: Explain how materials move through simple diffusion.

Discuss the questions with your Elbow Partner. Challenge Question? What cell organelle allows things to move in and out of the cell? What things are allowed in and out of the cell? Discuss the questions with your Elbow Partner.

Passive Transport Passive Transport: the movement of substances through the cell membrane without the input of energy. There are 3 types of passive transport.

Diffusion Diffusion is the random movement of molecules from an area where there is more of them into an area where there is less. When the molecules have equaled out, they have reached an equilibrium.

Osmosis Osmosis: the diffusion of water through a cell membrane

Facilitated Diffusion Facilitated diffusion: when large substances (like sugar molecules) need the help of a transport protein to enter the cell.

Active Transport Active transport: when an input of energy is required to move materials through the cell membrane This process uses transport proteins also. The molecules in active transport usually go from lower to higher.

Moving Cellular Materials Passive Transport Active Transport Requires no energy Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated diffusion Go from areas of more to areas of fewer Requires energy Go from areas of fewer to areas of more

Other Ways Both ways are used by molecules and particles too large to be moved by transport proteins. Endocytosis Process of taking in substances into the cell membrane by surrounding it. Exocytosis Occurs the opposite way of endocytosis. The contents inside will be released

What do you know? (Einstein Award Opportunity) Describe how each of the following materials would get through the cell membrane and into a cell: Pure water Sugar entering a cell that already contains a high concentration of particles Sugar entering a cell that has a low concentration of particles A protein (osmosis) (active transport) (passive transport) (endocytosis)

BRAINPOP!!!