13.3 Columns with Various Types of Supports: Fixed - Free Figure: 13-11a

Euler’s Equation PCR = critical or maximum axial load on the column just before it begins to buckle. E = modulus of elasticity for the material I = least moment of inertia of the column’s cross-section L = unsupported length of the column, whose ends are pinned K= effective length factor (i.e. 1 for pinned-pinned, 2 for fixed free)

Where Le = effective length = KL Column Types: Figure: 13-12a Where Le = effective length = KL

How would you model these columns??? Figure: 13-11-01UN

= effective slenderness ratio In terms of stress: Figure: 13-08 where = effective slenderness ratio

Examples: Figure: 13-13aEx13.3

Figure: 13-14-02P13.02

Figure: 13-14-06P13.12

Figure: 13-14-14P13.26

Figure: 13-14-23P13.41