Spectroscopy of Superfluid Atomic Fermi Gases

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Presentation transcript:

Spectroscopy of Superfluid Atomic Fermi Gases Päivi Törmä University of Jyväskylä Jami Kinnunen Mirta Rodriguez Timo Koponen Jani Martikainen International Conference on Finite Fermionic Systems Nilsson Model 50 Years

Contents RF-spectroscopy of the pairing gap; theory related to the experiments of R. Grimm‘s group J. Kinnunen, M. Rodriguez, P.T. Spectroscopy and density response in an optical lattice T. Koponen, J. Martikainen, J. Kinnunen, P.T. Quasi 2D superfluid Fermi gases J. Martikainen, P.T. Spectra beyond linear response J. Kinnunen, P.T. 15/11/2018

BEC of molecules (dimers of two Fermions) 2003-2004 Science and Physics World ranked the observation of Fermi condensates among the top ten scientific breakthroughs of the year 2004 BEC of molecules (dimers of two Fermions) 2003-2004 Grimm, Jin, Ketterle, Salomon Fermion pairs near the Feshbach Resonance 2004 Jin, Ketterle Density profile throughout the crossover Grimm 2004 Heat capasity Thomas 2005 Collective modes Thomas 2004, Grimm 2004 Vortices Ketterle 2005 Pairing gap Grimm 2004 15/11/2018

The pairing gap in strongly interacting Fermi gases J. Kinnunen, M. Rodriguez, and P. Törmä, Science 305, 1131, 2004 C. Chin, M. Bartenstein, A. Altmayer, S. Riedl, S. Jochim, J.H. Denschlag, and R. Grimm, Science 305, 1128, 2004 15/11/2018

Spectroscopy of the pairing gap D Driving a transition between a paired and an unpaired state | 3 > | 2 > | 1 > Probing the superfluid excitation gap - P. Törmä and P. Zoller, PRL 85, 487 (2000) RF-spectroscopy of mean field effects - C. Regal and D. Jin, PRL 90, 230404 (2003) - S. Gupta, Z. Hadzibabic, M.W. Zwierlein, C.A. Stan, K. Dieckmann, C.H. Schunck, E.G.M. van Kempen, B.J. Verhaar, W. Ketterle, Science 300, 1723 (2003) 15/11/2018

Analogy to metallic superconductors | 3 > superconductor normal metal eV | 2 > | 1 > In the following: 1,2,3 = g’,g,e 15/11/2018

Superfluid with a pseudogap Feshbach detuning Picture from Stajic et al. 2004 15/11/2018

Equilibrium state: Resonance superfluidity with a pseudogap M. Holland, S.J.J.M.F. Kokkelmans, M.L. Chiofalo, R. Walser, PRL 87, 120406 (2001) c.f. E. Timmermans, K. Furuya, P.W. Milonni, A.K. Kerman, Phys.Lett.A 63, 130402 (2002) Y. Ohashi and A. Griffin, PRL 89, 130402 (2002) Mention Eagles, Leggett, Nozieres and Schmitt-Rink J. Stajic, J.N. Milstein, Q. Chen, M.L. Chiofalo, M.J. Holland, K. Levin, PRA 69, 063610 (2004) Q.J. Chen, I. Kosztin, B. Janko, and K. Levin, PRL 81, 4708 (1998) c.f. A. Perali, P. Pieri, L. Pisani, G.C. Strinati, PRL 92, 220404 (2004) 15/11/2018

Spectrum 15/11/2018

The spectrum is calculated using second-order perturbation theory and the local density approximation using Thomas-Fermi density distribution 15/11/2018

Critical temperature Tc ~ 0.27 TF The calculated spectra at different temperatures Critical temperature Tc ~ 0.27 TF J. Kinnunen, M. Rodríguez and P. Törmä, Science 305, 1131 (2004) 15/11/2018

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Quasi 2D Superfluid Fermi gases Effectively 2D system (e.g. optical lattices) Steps in order parameter when consequtive trap levels become populated C.f. finite size effects recently observed in thin films Guo et al., Science 306, 1915 (2004) C.f. 3He on 4He film: Steps in magnetization, Physics Today, June 1998, p. 30 15/11/2018

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D(z=0) RF peak position Lowest Andreev state T = 0 J. Martikainen and P. Törmä, cond-mat/0505275 15/11/2018

Conclusions Spectra from resonance superfluidity theory and linear response confirm that the pairing gap of a Fermi condensate was observed Quasi 2D Fermions: steps in order parameter Have to take into account for all non-trivial states and different responses (e.g. spin) Important e.g. for quantitative comparison of different cross-over models Comes up because complicated many-body state + high coherence 15/11/2018