Water on the Earth, Atmospheric Conditions & More Water on the Earth, Atmospheric Conditions & More! Please read the form front to back-Got answer? Fill it in! http://wwphs.sharpschool.com/h_s_s_depts/science/ms_bugge/oceanography_and_meteorology/oceanography_units/ocean_water_movement/

Atmospheric Conditions The atmosphere of Earth is a layer of gases (Nitrogen 78%, oxygen 21% & water vapor .0004%) surrounding the planet Earth  

Water cycle

How does the water cycle explain various atmospheric conditions on the Earth? Transpiration is simply the evaporation of water through plant membranes. It is another important way in which water vapor enters the atmosphere.

  How does the water cycle explain various atmospheric conditions on the Earth? Evaporation and Transpiration Evaporation is the process by which a substance changes from the liquid phase to the gas phase. Transpiration is simply the evaporation of water through plant membranes. It is another important way in which water vapor enters the atmosphere. Condensation Condensation is the process by which a substance changes from the gas phase to the liquid phase. As air containing water vapor rises into the atmosphere, it will expand and cool. If it cools to its dew point temperature, the air will become saturated and condensation will occur. Precipitation Clouds are composed of millions of water droplets that have condensed. These water droplets grow into larger droplets by colliding and coalescing with one another. Eventually, the droplets can grow large enough that they will not be able to stay suspended in the cloud. When this occurs, they fall out of the cloud as precipitation. Runoff and Groundwater Runoff and groundwater are both driven by precipitation. When precipitation falls to the surface, it will either be absorbed into the ground (groundwater) or, if the ground cannot absorb any more water, flow into streams. Eventually, even water that is absorbed.

Sea Breezes: A result of uneven surface heating the wind blows onshore from sea to land Land Breeze is created when the land is cooler than the water

Air Movement Recall: Land and water heat at different rates (remember your line graphs) This affects the air above each. Warmer air EXPANDS Rises Lower pressure Colder air CONTRACTS Sinks Higher pressure This causes convection currents that we feel as WIND Wind always blows from high to low pressure

(over land, over water; at the poles, at the equator)   Type of Air Mass Kind of Weather if Brings Temperature Characteristic (warm, cold; moist, dry) Where it Forms Moisture Characteristics (over land, over water; at the poles, at the equator) Continental Polar (cP) 1. Very cold, having developed over sub- polar regions. 2. Very dry, due to the cold and having developed over land. Maritime Polar (mP) 3. Very cool because of the high latitude but not cold, due to moderating influence of the sea and the warm ocean currents at these latitudes. 4. Moderately moist because of the cool temperature, but not as dry as polar continental air because of evaporation from the water surface. Continental Tropical (cT) 5. Very warm because of the lower sub-tropical latitude of formation. 6. Dry because it formed over land Maritime Tropical (mT) 7. Very warm because of the sub-tropical latitudes at which it forms. 8 Very humid because of the warm tropical waters below. .

Fronts make weather

Front: Boundaries separating air masses Front: Boundaries separating air masses. Includes warm fronts, cold fronts, occluded, stationary fronts, and dry lines. RAIN

Hurricane warning -- A hurricane is imminent. Type of Storm Where Forms Typical Time of year Category Image Safty Rules Thunderstorms Within large cumulonimbus clouds Spring or Summer Two warning products for thunderstorms, the severe thunderstorm warning (SVR) and the tornado warning (TOR). Seek shelter, avoid trees and water   Tornado Cumulonimbus cloud on land Spring, early summer spring (April- June) Scale used for rating the strength of tornadoes Fujita-Pearson Tornado Intensity Scale or F-scale ranks tornadoes by their wind speed. Move to basement away from windows & doors Hurricane Over warm ocean water (tropical waters) Late summer and into autumn Hurricane watch -- Weather conditions are well-suited for the formation of a hurricane Hurricane warning -- A hurricane is imminent. Category 1 – Winds between 74- 95 mph Category 2 – Winds between 96- 110 mph Category 3 – Winds between 111-130 mph Category 4 – Winds between 131-155 mph Category 5 – Winds above 156 mph Move to lower level and stay indoors

Comet, Meteor & Asteroid

The geocentric model the Earth at the center of the universe The geocentric model the Earth at the center of the universe. Believed by both Aristotle and Ptolemy. Most Greeks assumed that the Sun, Moon, stars, and planets orbit Earth.

Heliocentric Model is the belief that the sun is the center of the universe first proposed by Aristarchus. The theory is often credited to Copernicus.

Reminders Go to bed early Bring TWO number TWO pencils