Biology B-Day 11/9/17 Bellringer What are the tails of a phospholipid made of? What are the channels in the membrane that aid in diffusion made of? Agenda Bellringer Cell Membrane Coloring Worksheet Vocabulary Journal Cell Membrane Video

Biology B-Day 11/9/17 Bellringer What are the tails of a phospholipid made of? Fatty Acids What are the channels in the membrane that aid in diffusion made of? Proteins Agenda Bellringer Cell Membrane Coloring Worksheet Vocabulary Journal Cell Membrane Video

Biology B-Day 11/13/17 Bellringer What type of molecules can pass directly through the cell membrane? Which type of fatty acid is liquid at room temperature and contains a double bond? Agenda Bellringer Cell Transport Notes Cell Transport Practice Computer Lab to work on Lab Report

Biology B-Day 11/13/17 Bellringer What type of molecules can pass directly through the cell membrane? Small, hydrophobic Which type of fatty acid is liquid at room temperature and contains a double bond? Unsatuarated Agenda Bellringer Cell Transport Notes Cell Transport Practice Computer Lab to work on Lab Report

Biology B-Day 11/15/17 Bellringer If a beaker contains 20% salt and the baggie contains 50% salt, which way will water move? An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pressure causes… Agenda Bellringer Cell Membrane Structure and Function POGIL Cell Transport POGIL

Biology B-Day 11/15/17 Bellringer If a beaker contains 20% salt and the baggie contains 50% salt, which way will water move? Water will move into the baggie An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pressure causes… Water to move into the cell Agenda Bellringer Cell Membrane Structure and Function POGIL Cell Transport POGIL

Biology B-Day 11/17/17 Bellringer What type of transport requires energy and moves against the concentration gradient? What type of transport requires the help of carrier proteins? Agenda Bellringer Diffusion Lab Osmosis ORQ

Biology B-Day 11/17/17 Bellringer What type of transport requires energy and moves against the concentration gradient? Active transport What type of transport requires the help of carrier proteins? Facilitated diffusion Agenda Bellringer Diffusion Lab Osmosis ORQ

Biology B-Day 11/21/17 Bellringer If a beaker contains 20% salt and the baggie contains 50% salt, which way will water move? An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pressure causes… Agenda Bellringer Cell Membrane Quiz Cell Transport Practice Computer Lab to Finish Lab Report

Biology B-Day 11/21/17 Bellringer If a beaker contains 20% salt and the baggie contains 50% salt, which way will water move? Water will move into the baggie An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pressure causes… Water to move into the cell Agenda Bellringer Cell Membrane Quiz Cell Transport Practice Computer Lab to Finish Lab Report

Cell Membrane (Transport) Notes Cell Membrane and Cell Wall: ALL cells have a cell membrane made of proteins and lipids Cell Membrane lipid bilayer protein channel protein pump Layer 1 Layer 2 Molecules move into and out of a cell membrane. The cell membrane is selectively permeable. How certain molecules move through the cell is called cell transport. -passive transport -active transport

Fluid Mosaic Model The cell membrane is described as fluid because individual phospholipids and proteins can move side-to-side within the layer, like it’s a liquid. The cell membrane is described as mosaic because of the pattern produced by the scattered protein moelecules when the membrane is viewed from above.

Fluid Mosaic Model Recall: The cell membrane is made of 2 layers of phospholipids called the lipid bilayer. Hydrophobic molecules pass easily; hydrophilic DO NOT

Concentration: Amount of solute in a certain amount of solvent Solvent- what does the dissolving Solute-what is dissolved in the solvent The difference in concentrations will cause molecules to move through the semi-permeable membrane Molecules move until evenly distributed

Passive Transport A process that does not require energy to move molecules from a HIGH to LOW concentration Three main types: Diffusion Facilitated Diffusion Osmosis

Some molecules can pass directly through the membrane Simple Diffusion Some molecules can pass directly through the membrane These molecules are usually small with little or no electrical charge (O2, CO2, etc.) Movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. Does this require energy? NO Will diffuse until molecules reach equilibrium (equal concentrations) Dynamic equilibrium (still moving) outside of cell inside of cell

HIGH to LOW concentration Diffusion HIGH to LOW concentration

Semi-permeable membrane is permeable to water, but not to sugar Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane like the cell membrane Water diffuses across a membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. No energy required = passive transport Occurs until reaches dynamic equilibrium Semi-permeable membrane is permeable to water, but not to sugar

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Hypertonic Solutions: contain a high concentration of solute relative to another solution (e.g. the cell's cytoplasm). When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, the water diffuses out of the cell, causing the cell to shrivel. Hypotonic Solutions: contain a low concentration of solute relative to another solution (e.g. the cell's cytoplasm). When a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, the water diffuses into the cell, causing the cell to swell and possibly explode. Isotonic Solutions: contain the same concentration of solute as another solution (e.g. the cell's cytoplasm). When a cell is placed in an isotonic solution, the water diffuses into and out of the cell at the same rate. The fluid that surrounds the body cells is isotonic.

Interactive Red Blood Cell Click

Proteins that form channels (pores) are called protein channels Facilitated Diffusion is the movement of larger molecules like glucose through the cell membrane – larger molecules must be “helped” Proteins in the cell membrane form channels for large molecules to pass through Proteins that form channels (pores) are called protein channels outside of cell inside of cell Glucose molecules

Active Transport Active transport is the movement of molecules from LOW to HIGH concentration. Energy is required as molecules must be pumped against the concentration gradient. Proteins that work as pumps are called protein pumps. Ex: Body cells must pump carbon dioxide out into the surrounding blood vessels to be carried to the lungs for exhale. Blood vessels are high in carbon dioxide compared to the cells, so energy is required to move the carbon dioxide across the cell membrane from LOW to HIGH concentration. outside of cell inside of cell Carbon Dioxide molecules

ANALOGY: ENERGY NEEDED: Active Transport NO ENERGY NEEDED: Diffusion Osmosis Facilitated Diffusion ENERGY NEEDED: Active Transport

Endocytosis and Exocytosis is the mechanism by which very large molecules (such as food and wastes) get into and out of the cell Food is moved into the cell by Endocytosis Wastes are moved out of the cell by Exocytosis

Ex: White Blood Cells, which are part of the immune system, surround and engulf bacteria by endocytosis.

Osmosis—Elodea Leaf