Basic Interferometry For PC Polished Connectors

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Bentley CloudWorx and PDS
Advertisements

Automatic Generation of 3D Machining Surfaces With Tool Compensation
Session 4: Termination and Splices. 2 FO Connectors Specifications Specifications Loss Repeatability Environment (temp, humidity, vibration, etc.) Reliability.
Interferometry It deals with experimental study of the phenomenon of interference. Instruments used in this study are based on principle of interference.
Chapter 8 Optical fiber splicing Attenuation curve for silica optical fiber.
New Non-Contact, Laser-Based Gauge for Measuring Length and Speed of Gypsum Board Stuart Manser Beta LaserMike.
LOCATING PRINCIPLES and LOCATORS
Chapter 13 Preview Objectives Electromagnetic Waves
MFS, MPO 4/8/12-Fiber connectors and Fan-Out assemblies.
Copyright 2008 Kenneth M. Chipps Ph.D. How to Terminate a Corning Unicam Connector Last Update
Resident Physics Lectures
Lecture 3 Light Propagation In Optical Fiber
DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS SOFTWARE INJECTION MOLDING
Fiber Optics BASIC FIBER OPTIC LINK.
Light: Geometric Optics
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the use of instructors in teaching their.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 32 Light: Reflection and Refraction.
Use of a commercial laser tracker for optical alignment James H. Burge, Peng Su, Chunyu Zhao, Tom Zobrist College of Optical Sciences Steward Observatory.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. PowerPoint to accompany Krar Gill Smid Technology of Machine.
Equipment Familiarization Amatrol 850 Basic Hydraulic Training System
© DIAMOND SA / / 1 Performance & Intermateability Comparison between different ferrule technologies.
© DIAMOND SA / / 1 DIAMOND AVIM Connector Fiber optic connector for aero-space applications.
© DIAMOND SA / / 1 CLEANING A focal point in fiber optics.
© DIAMOND SA / / 1 MAS Multipurpose Adapter System.
Earth Science System Energy Constructive Force Destructive Force
BAR CODE SCANNER A.ANUSHA (06N61A0402). What is bar code? A barcode is a machine readable representation of information. Barcode stores data in widths.
Page 1 © 2008 IDEAL INDUSTRIES IDEAL Micro OTDR Oktober 2008 Konstantin Hüdepohl.
This presentation is the property of Paradigm Information Systems It is confidential to the intended recipient for the purpose of evaluating FMS Any other.
Optical Manufacturing Solutions 1 FOLLOW THE DIRECTIONS BELOW AFTER INSTALLING A NEW CUTTER BODY WITH POLISHING WHEELS INTO THE 7E TYPE MACHINES. IT IS.
LASER AND ADVANCES IN METROLOGY
Diffraction is the bending of waves around obstacles or the edges of an opening. Huygen’s Principle - Every point on a wave front acts as a source of tiny.
Ch 16 Interference. Diffraction is the bending of waves around obstacles or the edges of an opening. Huygen’s Principle - Every point on a wave front.
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Preview Objectives Electromagnetic Waves Chapter 13 Section 1 Characteristics of Light.
Objective Appearance Measurement. Appearance of surface finish Many factors can affect surface appearance quality These include:- Surface texture or waviness.
Errors. Random Errors A random error is due to the effects of uncontrolled variables. These exhibit no pattern. These errors can cause measurements to.
1 JEOPARDY! Version 2005: Review for IED 2 Design Process Sketching Visualization Geometric Relations Modeling $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 Presentations.
CIVET seminar Presentation day: Presenter : Park, GilSoon.
Digital Inspector (DI-1000) 1.Introducing the DI Using the DI Accessories.
Best Practice T-Scan5 Version T-Scan 5 vs. TS50-A PropertiesTS50-AT-Scan 5 Range51 – 119mm (stand- off 80mm / total 68mm) 94 – 194mm (stand-off.
Applications and Rendering pipeline
Geometrical Optics.
Lab 3 - Centering.
Section 1 Characteristics of Light
OBJECTIVES Explain how the noncompressibility of liquids is used in brakes Explain how hydraulic force can be used to supply high pressures to each individual.
Precise Print Color Control
Preparation Stationary Sample Holders
Interferometer.
GEAR CUTTING PREPARED BY SOUNDHAR.A
CAD/CAM Unit 79.
Chapter 33 Lenses and Optical Instruments
Ishaque P K Electronics & Communication S3, Roll No 38
Index of Refraction.
Chapter 26: Interference and Diffraction
Introduction to Functions of Several Variables
Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD&T)
Micrometers Unit 9.
Introduction to Computers
GEAR CUTTING.
ETS Inside Product Launch
Digital Processing Techniques for Transmission Electron Microscope Images of Combustion-generated Soot Bing Hu and Jiangang Lu Department of Civil and.
S. Ghosh, M. Muste, M. Marquardt, F. Stern
Digital Holographic Microscopy for Quantitative Visualization
Inline System to Detect Hydrates, Wax and Sand Thomas M. Canty PE J. M
Rapid Automation Design
Spherical Mirrors: concave and convex mirrors.
GEARS AND CAMS C H A P T E R S E V E N T E E N.
© 2004 – 2011 PAVAC Industries Inc. All rights reserved
LightGage™ Frequency Scanning Technology
MECH 3550 : Simulation & Visualization
Presentation transcript:

Basic Interferometry For PC Polished Connectors The purpose of this presentation is to provide an understanding of the importance of performing interferometric inspections of PC polished connectors for quality control and quality assurance. Neal Wagman Norland Products Inc

Surface quality only critical at center of connector. PC Polish Concept Spherical polish Fiber at apex ADVANTAGE: Surface quality only critical at center of connector. Single fiber connectors are made using the PC polish concept. PC stands for Physical Contact. This entails polishing the ferrule end to a spherical surface with the fiber at the highest point. Instead of trying to make the entire endface smooth and flat, we need only be concerned with a small area in the center of the connector. This slide shows the cross section of a typical ferrule with the fiber in the center of the spherically polished ferrule surface. Fiber

PC Polish Concept On connection: Fibers meet in intimate optical contact. No air gap. Fibers compress until ferrules contact. Ferrules take majority of compressive force. Because the fibers are at the apex of the polish, on connection, the fibers are the first to contact and this eliminates any possible air gap. Because of the spring pressure, the fibers actually compress slightly and the ferrules come into contact. To prevent further movement, the ferrules take the majority of the spring pressure to keep the connection solid.

Importance Of Controlling Undercut And Protrusion A. Undercut The amount of fiber which is protruding from the ferrule surface or recessed below the ferrule surface is critical for the long term performance of the connector. If the fiber is undercut below the ferrule surface, on connection, there is an immediate air gap which causes backreflection. Backreflections Internal connector reflections can cause spurious modulation and noise in laser light (Feedback Lasers)    Reflection noise is an important concern in analog video

Importance Of Controlling Undercut And Protrusion B. Protrusion If a connector has too much fiber protrusion, the pressure of the first fiber against the opposite fiber will push the opposite fiber back over time. If this connector is mated with another connector, an air gap will be present causing backreflection again which will degrade the quality of the light transmission. High forces concentrated on the fiber – Causes Fiber Pushback and affects long term performance

Interferometry Submicron measurements of differential height by reflecting monochromatic light off a surface and combining with light reflecting off a standard to form constructive and destructive interference patters. Interferometry is the method used to identify these tiny differences in the connector surface. Inteferometry provides submicron measurements of differential height by reflecting monochromatic light off a surface, combined with light reflecting off a standard to form constructive and destructive interference patters.

Why Use Interferometry? Problem Standard QC of connectors Inspect for scratches Measure light loss Backreflection if necessary Not enough for critical systems SOLUTION – Interferometry checks 3D polish geometry Assures consistency Assures long term performance Effects to consider: Temperature cycling Contact pressure Vibration Detailed information = more control over process Interferometry is needed whenever backreflection is import to the system. Many companies only use a microscope to inspect for dirt and scratches and test for light loss and back reflection. This is not enough for critical systems. Only interferometric inspection will assure consistency and long term performance. Testing light loss and back reflection in at room temperature after polishing cannot predict how the connector with perform over time, with temperature cycling, immense contact pressure of the ferrules, and any environment vibration. Interferometry allows the manufacturer or user to control the critical endface geometry of the connectors to known standards. The result is that interferometry provides more detailed information on the quality of the polish, giving more control over the process of manufacturing and installation. In other words, it provides unmatched quality control and quality assurance for the long term performance of the system.

Typical Interferometric Image VERTEX OF APEX OFFSET CONSTRUCTIVE INTERFERENCE DESTRUCTIVE INTERFERENCE CENTER OF FIBER

3D Measurement The computer analyzes the fringe pattern and assigns a height to every pixel on the surface and displays the resulting image of the ferrule and fiber in three dimensions. The computer can measure any geometrical parameter from this data.

Fringes = Steps Down Surface Circular interferometric fringes can be visualized as plateaus or equal steps down the surface.

Measurement Areas Fitting Area: Centered on the ferrule surface and defined by a circular area having a diameter D with a smaller Extracting Area subtracted from its center. D= 250 microns. Extracting Area: Includes the fiber endface region and the adhesive region and is defined by a circular area having a diameter E. E= 140 microns. Averaging Area: This is set on the fiber surface and defined by a circle having a diameter F. F=50 microns Because the connector surface is not a perfect sphere, measurement areas have been defined to standardize the test procedure for endface geometry measurements. The measurement areas are: A Fitting Area: Centered on the ferrule surface and defined by a circular area having a diameter D with a smaller Extracting Area subtracted from its center. D = 250 microns. An Extracting Area: Includes the fiber endface region and the adhesive region and is defined by a circle having a diameter E. E=140 microns.  An Averaging Area: This is set on the fiber surface and defined by a circle having a diameter F. F=50 microns.  

Radius Of Curvature Radius of sphere defined by Fitting Area Center of Fiber Radius The radius of curvature is one of the critical measurements. This is defined as the measurement of the radius of the polished sphere in the fitting area of the ferrule.

Distance from center of fiber to highest point of ferrule Offset Of Polish Distance from center of fiber to highest point of ferrule The offset polish is the second critical measurement. This is the linear measurement from the fiber center to the apex of polish. The apex of polish is defined as the high point of polish on the ferrule. If the linear offset is too large, the fibers will not be the first to meet and there will be an air gap that will cause back reflections.

Spherical Fiber Height SPHERICAL FIBER HEIGHT – the ideal connector endface (ferrule & fiber) is considered to be a continuous sphere. It is defined as the difference in height between the center of the fiber and the theoretical height in the center based on the ferrule radius. SPHERICAL FIBER HEIGHT – Because the ideal connector endface is considered to be a continuous sphere, spherical height is the standard measurement for PC polished connectors. It is defined as the difference in height between the center of the fiber and the theoretical height in the center based on the ferrule radius. In this diagram, the fiber is below the theoretical radius and therefore is considered to be undercut. If the fiber was above the theoretical radius, then the fiber would be considered protruded.

Norland CC-6000 Breakthrough Technology Low cost automated interferometer for analyzing PC/APC connectors that operates on any PC through USB port. Base price < $13K. Norland Products is continuously looking for ways to improve interferometric testing to provide capabilities to everyone who needs it. In keeping with this philosophy, we have developed a novel system unlike anything on the market today. This breakthrough technology provides users with a low cost automated interferometer that operates on any PC through the USB port to quickly analyze the endface geometry of single fiber PC and APC connector and provide pass/fail analysis to industry standards. The new technology allows this equipment to be sold at about half the cost of any competitors system with a base price of under $13,000.

CC 6000 - Results Displays: Quantitative measurements Visual pass or fail Stores to database Exports to Excel Prints individual reports The clean and simple user interface provides a quick measure button and displays quantitative measurements and a visual pass or fail. The data is stored in a database and can be exported to Excel or printed as individual reports.

CC 6000 - Results Display 3D color contour map of surface detailing fiber and ferrule endface. Results can also be display as a 3D color contour map of the surface with details of the fiber and ferrule endface.

CC6000 Advantages Breakthrough technology which makes interferometric testing affordable to everyone. Easy-to-use software loads quickly and will not crash. Fast, accurate measurements of PC and APC connectors. Allows quick pass/fail measurements for production. Trouble shooting instrument for the field. Robust system requires no maintenance. In summary, the CC6000 is the only system in its class because of breakthrough technology which provides an affordable interferometer to everyone. With fast, accurate measurement of all PC and APC connectors, the unit is ideal for quality control of a polishing process or trouble shooting tool in the field. The robust system is simple to use and requires little or no maintenance. Norland Products is the only company that can provide you with this.

Ideal Polish Circular fringes around ferrule and across fiber.

Protrusion Circular fringe jogs away from center as it crosses the fiber. Circular fringe jogs away from center as it crosses the fiber

Undercut Circular fringe jogs toward center as it crosses fiber

Good Polish With Some Scratches

Fiber Shattered on Cleave

Underpolished – High Protrusion

Overpolished - Fails

Ideal Polish Circular fringes around ferrule and across fiber

CC6000 for Quality Control Fast measurements provide instant feedback on polish quality in a production process and provide indication if corrective action is required.

Pass/Fail Measurements Quality control with pass/fail measurements.

Smooth Polish – High Offset

Undercut with Dirt on Fiber

Fail

Quality Assurance Pass/Fail assures Long Term Performance PC APC Telecordia8 ROC 7-25 mm 5 to 12 mm Apex Offset <50μm Fiber Protrusion 0.05μm 0.1μm Fiber Undercut (ROC 7-10mm) 0.125 μm (ROC 10-12mm) 0.1 μm (ROC 13-17mm) 0.075μm (ROC 18-25mm) 0.05μm

Summary Importance of Interferometry Used as a training tool Used for QC of hand or machined polishing Used for Quality Assurance w/Pass/Fail Specs. Used for Trouble Shooting Systems Gives immediate feedback on connector Guarantees Long Term Performance of System In summary, interferometric testing is critical for high performance fiber optic connectors. It can be used in the factory or in the field for quality control, quality assurance. The immediate feedback on connector endface geometry is ideal for trouble shooting problems in a system. The use of interferometry guarantees long term performance of the fiber optic network by meeting the recognized standards in the industry.

For the Best Connectors Connect-Chek 6000 From Norland Products Inc.