GSE SS8CG1 Georgia Government

Describe the foundations of Georgia’s government. GSE SS8CG1 Describe the foundations of Georgia’s government.

GSE SS8CG1.a Explain the basic structure of the Georgia state constitution (preamble, bill of rights, articles, and amendments) as well as its relationship to the United States Constitution.

GA CONSTITUTION ( PREAMBLE )

Preamble (Intro) “To perpetuate the principles of free government, insure justice to all, preserve peace, promote the interest and happiness of the citizen and of the family, and transmit to posterity the enjoyment of liberty, we the people of Georgia, relying upon the protection and guidance of Almighty God, do ordain and establish this Constitution.”

1st..Preamble (Intro) AT THE BEGINNING … (Pre) Statement of purpose Describes the principles and intentions of the constitution

GA CONSTITUTION ( BILL OF RIGHTS )

Bill of Rights (Article 1) The First Article (out of 11) Section I Rights of Persons Section II Origin & Structure of Government Section III Other General Provisions

Bill of Rights (Article 1) Section I : Bill of Rights Lists 28 paragraphs of individual rights Very similar to the US Bill of Rights It’s all about the individual’s rights ...

Bill of Rights (Article 1) Paragraph I. Life, liberty, and property. Paragraph II. Protection to person and property; equal protection. Paragraph III. Freedom of conscience. Paragraph IV. Religious opinions; freedom of religion. Paragraph V. Freedom of speech and of the press guaranteed. Paragraph VI. Libel. Paragraph VII. Citizens, protection of. Paragraph VIII. Arms, right to keep and bear. Paragraph IX. Right to assemble and petition. Paragraph X. Bill of attainder; ex post facto laws; and retroactive laws.

Bill of Rights (Article 1) Paragraph XI. Right to trial by jury; number of jurors; selection and compensation of jurors. Paragraph XII. Right to the courts. Paragraph XIII. Searches, seizures, and warrants. Paragraph XIV. Benefit of counsel; accusation; list of witnesses; compulsory process. Paragraph XV. Habeas corpus. Paragraph XVI. Self-incrimination. Paragraph XVII. Bail; fines; punishment; arrest, abuse of prisoners. Paragraph XVIII. Jeopardy of life or liberty more than once forbidden. Paragraph XIX. Treason. Paragraph XX. Conviction, effect of.

Bill of Rights (Article 1) Paragraph XXI. Banishment and whipping as punishment for crime. Paragraph XXII. Involuntary servitude. Paragraph XXIII. Imprisonment for debt. Paragraph XXIV. Costs. Paragraph XXV. Status of the citizen. Paragraph XXVI. Exemptions from levy and sale. Paragraph XXVII. Spouse's separate property. Paragraph XXVIII. Fishing and hunting. Paragraph XXIX. Enumeration of rights not denial of others.

GA CONSTITUTION ( ARTICLES )

Articles Main “part” of the constitution 11 Articles in total Each directly addresses specific “parts” of the constitution

2nd..Articles Article I: Bill of Rights Article II: Voting and Elections Article III: Legislative Branch Article IV: Constitutional Boards and Commissions Article V: Executive Branch Article VI: Judicial Branch Article VII: Taxation and Finance Article VIII: Education Article IX: Counties and Municipal Corporations Article X: Amendments to the Constitution Article XI: Miscellaneous Provisions

GA CONSTITUTION ( AMENDMENTS )

3rd..Amendments Proposed in the Georgia legislature Must receive ⅔ (66.7%) of the majority vote by State Senate State House of Representatives Can also occur at Constitutional Conventions - which also must receive ⅔ (66.7%) majority vote

Amendments Article X of the Georgia Constitution provides provisions for changing the constitution. Specifically Paragraphs I, II and IV.

What is the purpose of the preamble of our constitution? A. Explain the rights of the people of Georgia B. Explains specific parts of the constitution C. States the purpose of the constitution D. To make changes in the constitution

What is the purpose of the Bill of Rights for our constitution? A. Explain the rights of the people of Georgia B. Explains specific parts of the constitution C. States the purpose of the constitution D. To make changes in the constitution

What is the purpose of the articles in our constitution? A. Explain the rights of the people of Georgia B. Explains specific parts of the constitution C. States the purpose of the constitution D. To make changes in the constitution

What is the purpose of the amendments in our constitution? A. Explain the rights of the people of Georgia B. Explains specific parts of the constitution C. States the purpose of the constitution D. To make changes in the constitution

GSE SS8CG1.b Explain separation of powers and checks and balances among Georgia’s three branches of government.

SEPARATION OF POWERS

Separation of Powers GA’s gov’t is similar to the federal gov't Separation of powers between the 3 branches of government Power to check and balance the actions of the other branches

Separation of Powers Three Branches: Legislative Branch (The Georgia General Assembly) makes the laws/ approves the budget Executive Branch (headed by the Governor) enforces the laws/ writes the budget Judicial Branch (headed by the Georgia Supreme Court) interprets the constitutionality of the laws

Gives specific powers to specific branches of government! Checks & Balances Gives specific powers to specific branches of government!

Why do we have separation of powers in our GA government? Discuss ...

GSE SS8CG1.c Describe the rights and responsibilities of citizens according to the Georgia Constitution.

RIGHTS OF CITIZENS

The Rights of Citizens Both the Georgia and U.S. Constitutions include a Bill of Rights These outline the rights of every citizen For the most part, both documents have similar rights and freedoms

The Rights of Citizens In both we have: Freedom of religion Freedom of speech Freedom of the press

The Rights of Citizens GA’s Bill of Rights has differences from the U.S. Bill of Rights including:

The Rights of Citizens Paragraph I: Life, liberty, and property. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property except by due process of law

The Rights of Citizens Paragraph III: Freedom of conscience “Each person has the natural and inalienable right to worship God, each according to the dictates of that person's own conscience; and no human authority should, in any case, control or interfere with such right of conscience.”

The Rights of Citizens Paragraph XXI: Banishment and whipping as punishment for crime “Neither banishment beyond the limits of the state nor whipping shall be allowed as a punishment for crime.”

The Rights of Citizens Paragraph XXVIII: Fishing and hunting “The tradition of fishing and hunting and the taking of fish and wildlife shall be preserved for the people and shall be managed by law and regulation for the public good.”

RESPONSIBILITIES OF CITIZENS

Responsibilities of Citizens Paying taxes Serving on juries Volunteering Voting

What is the difference between a “Right” and a “Responsibility” ??? Discuss ...

List voting qualifications for elections in Georgia. GSE SS8CG1.d List voting qualifications for elections in Georgia.

Voting Qualifications in GA There are 4 qualifications to be able to vote in the state of GA. They are:

Voting Qualifications in GA Must be a U.S. citizen Must be 18 by election day Must be registered to vote Must be a legal resident of Georgia and the county where a person wants to vote

Voting Qualifications in GA Voters cannot currently be serving time in jail for a felony offense Voters cannot be ruled to be mentally incompetent

What is the difference between a “Right” and a “Responsibility” ??? What are the 4 qualifications to vote, in Georgia?

GSE SS8CG1.e Identify wisdom, justice, and moderation as the three principles in the Pledge of Allegiance to the Georgia Flag.

GA Pledge of Allegiance March 28, 1935 Pledge of Allegiance to Georgia Flag Legislation Gov. Eugene Talmadge signed a joint resolution of the General Assembly adopting a pledge of allegiance to the Georgia state flag, which at the time consisted of three bars - red, white, and red - with a vertical blue band on which was centered the state seal. The new pledge stated: “I pledge allegiance to the Georgia flag and to the principles for which it stands; Wisdom, Justice, and Moderation.”

Pledge of Allegiance to GA State Flag

GA STATE FLAG PLEDGE Identify the three principles in the Pledge of Allegiance to the Georgia Flag. They are : ___________, __________, and ____________.

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