L.O: SWBAT describe the inferred properties of Earth’s interior. Do now: 1. Open your reference table to pg. 10 2. Look at the image and Write 5 things you notice about Earth’s interior in your notes. L.O: SWBAT describe the inferred properties of Earth’s interior.

Our planet is made of three main layers: 1)the crust 2)the mantle 3)the core.

The Four Layers

THE LAYERS OF THE EARTH Geologists believe that as the Earth cooled the heavier denser materials sank to the center and the lighter less dense materials rose to the top Outer Core Inner Core

The Crust The Earth's Crust is like the skin of an apple. It is very thin in comparison to the other three layers. There are two types of crust: Oceanic and Continental crust Oceanic is thinner than the continental crust while the continental crust is thicker The crust is composed of two rocks. The continental crust is mostly granite. The oceanic crust is basalt. Basalt is much denser than the granite. Because of this the less dense continents ride on the denser oceanic plates.

Hydrosphere (water) – thin layer of water that covers Earth Blast from the past! What are the two parts of the crust? Oceanic and Continental Hydrosphere (water) – thin layer of water that covers Earth - Average ocean depth is 3-5km Covers approximately 70% of Earth’s surface Made up of mostly oxygen and hydrogen

Lithosphere: Solid part of Earth Made of two parts Crust Rigid Mantle Approximately 100km thick Made up of mostly oxygen and silicon Where can find out what this is mostly made of? ESRT

The Lithospheric Plates The crust of the Earth is broken into many pieces called plates. The plates "float" on the soft, semi-rigid asthenosphere.

How would you draw a scale view of the water on Earth?

Why choice 1? Keep in mind that the diameter of Earth is approximately 12,700 km. The average ocean depth is only 3-5km. It’s barely noticeable! Imagine having 6,000 people in a room. Will you really notice if 5 more people came into that room?

Humans have never gone deeper than 17 kilometers into Earth’s crust (about 1% deep) but we “know” what inside the Earth is like .

The MOHO (mohorovicic) discontinuity is thin layer (BOUNDARY) in between the crust & mantle

THE MANTLE The Mantle is the largest layer of the Earth. The middle mantle is composed of very hot dense rock that flows like asphalt under a heavy weight.

MANTLE separated into three different sections: Rigid Mantle B) Asthenosphere (also known as the plastic mantle) C) Stiffer mantle

Rigid Mantle This is a relatively thin layer of solid rock. Together with the crust it makes up the Lithosphere.

b) Asthenosphere (also known as the plastic mantle): This is a layer of relatively flexible (plastic) rock that can flow because it is at or near its melting point, or partially melted.

This is the thickest layer of Earth’s interior and is a solid. Stiffer Mantle This is the thickest layer of Earth’s interior and is a solid. Stiffer mantle

The Outer Core The core of the Earth is like a ball of very hot metals. The outer core is so hot that the metals in it are all in the liquid state. The outer core is composed of the melted metals of nickel and iron.

The Inner Core The inner core of the Earth has temperatures and pressures so great that the metals are squeezed together and are not able to move about like a liquid, but are forced to vibrate in place like a solid.

How can we remember the phase of matter each layer is in? Compare the melting point line and the actual temperature line! If the temperature is at or above the melting point the layer is liquid. If the temperature is below the melting point the layer is solid.

Temperature ___________ Density and Pressure _________ as you move towards the center of the Earth.  Temperature ___________ as depth increases.   increase increases

Trace the line that represents actual temperature of the Earth’s interior in red and the melting point in blue. Notice the melting point is below the actual temperature where the interior is a liquid.  

Practice using page 10 in your ESRT. 1) What is the inferred density at the interface of the outer core and stiffer mantle? 5.7-9.8 2)What is the pressure in millions of atmospheres at the beginning of the inner core? About 3 million 3)What is the pressure at 3,000 kilometers below sea level? 1.5 million 4)State the actual temperature at 3,000 kilometers below sea level. 5,000 C 5)How many kilometers down is the interface between the outer core and inner core? 5000km

1- Crust 2- Mantle 3- Outer Core 4) Inner Core