Weather and Weather Prediction Notes

Weather ___________= the condition of the _____________at a particular _______and _______ Weather ___________= a _____________of ___________weather conditions over the next _________days Weather atmosphere time place Forecast prediction future 3 to 5

Weather Station Model Diagram outline of station model: (pg. 105)   _____ __________ _____________. __________ ____________ Temp Pressure Weather Cond Dew Point Precip amt

Surface station model Surface observation data station model: -located on map where _________was located EX. data

Cloud Cover Cloud cover = shade in circle EX.

Wind Direction _________direction = ______in ___________wind is coming _________ EX. Wind direction line FROM

Wind speed Wind speed = Ex.

Pressure- measured in __________(mbar) millibars # is _________than 500, put a ____in front and a ___________one place from the right Ex. 802….980.2 # is ________than 500, put a _____in and a decimal one place from the _________ Ex. 347…..1034.7 EXAMPLES millibars 9 greater decimal 10 less right

________________= measure of how _______or _________something is _______Point = the _____________air must ________to be completely____________ Saturated: reached moisture compacity Temperature hot cold Dew temperature cool saturated

Examples Turn to page 105 Your turn

Fronts Fronts = leading _______of an ______mass/_________ edge air boundary

Warm Front Warm = _______air replacing __________air -weather = (indicated________________) a. ________clouds –_______, feathery, found at ________altitudes   b. _________-clouds that form in __________ -nimbostratus c. steady _____________________ d. _____________temp warm cooler snow/rain cirrus thin high stratus layers precipitation increased

Cold Front ________= cool air ____________warmer air weather = ____________clouds- ___________white clouds, tend to have _________bottoms   -cumulonimbus ________showers ___________temp replacing Cold cumulous puffy flat brief decreased

Occluded Front __________= (type of cold front) cold front ____________up with warm front -“_________” warm air mass from ___________ -_________weather a. high wind d. tornado b. hail e. heavy rain c. lightening Occluded catching cuts off ground severe

Stationary front ___________= _______air masses can not _______other ______of way -weather = _________rain until moves out Stationary two push out steady

Frontal Weather Air mass = a large amount of air that takes on the temperature and humidity of the area it forms over   . Continental tropical (cT) = warm, dry —Mexico, SW US Continental polar (cP) = cold, dry -- Canada

Frontal Weather Maritime tropical (mT) = warm, moist – S. Pacific, S. Atlantic   . Maritime polar (mP) = cold, moist – N. Pacific, N. Atlantic

Frontal Weather Cyclone = low pressure area containing rising warm air . -   -winds rotate counter clockwise in Northern Hemisphere tornados, hurricanes Anticyclones = high pressure area -cool, dry air rotates clockwise in N. hemisphere

Isobar Isobars closer together = higher winds - Iso= same   - Iso= same Isobar = lines that connect points of equal air pressure closer the line, the stronger the wind Isobars closer together = higher winds

Isobar Map

Isotherm - Isotherm = lines that connect points of equal temperature use color for each decade of #’s reds are warm / blues are cooler

Isotherm Map

Predicting Weather Generally- -   - -US weather moves from W to E because US is in the “westerlies” global wind pattern Low pressure spins counter clockwise High pressure spins clockwise

Predicting Weather -High pressure = clear weather Low pressure = cloudy/stormy weather Significant temp change (decrease) and significant pressure change down = may cause severe weather

Weather Instruments Thermometer – air temp -Anemometer – wind speed Barometer – air pressure Psychrometer – humidity Rain gauge – rain fall amount Wind sock/vane – wind direction