Long Noncoding RNA HOTAIR Controls Cell Cycle by Functioning as a Competing Endogenous RNA in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Kewei Ren, Yahua Li,

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Long Noncoding RNA HOTAIR Controls Cell Cycle by Functioning as a Competing Endogenous RNA in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Kewei Ren, Yahua Li, Huibin Lu, Zongming Li, Zhen Li, Kai Wu, Zhiqin Li, Xinwei Han Translational Oncology Volume 9, Issue 6, Pages 489-497 (December 2016) DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2016.09.005 Copyright © 2016 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 HOTAIR silencing inhibits cell proliferation and induces G1 cell cycle arrest in ESCC cells. (A) HOTAIR expression levels were assessed in 32 pairs of ESCC tissues and the corresponding nontumor fresh specimens by qRT-PCR analysis. (B) The data obtained from qRT-PCR show that, compared with HEEpiC, ESCC cells have a significantly high HOTAIR expression status, especially in KYSE30 and KYSE510 cell lines. (C and D) The data obtained from CCK8 assay show that the knockdown of HOTAIR significantly inhibits ESCC cell proliferation. (E and F) Flow cytometry analysis show that the percentage of G1 phase cells increases in the KYSE30 and KYSE510 cells when they are introduced with si-HOTAIR. *P < .05, **P < .01, and ***P < .001. Translational Oncology 2016 9, 489-497DOI: (10.1016/j.tranon.2016.09.005) Copyright © 2016 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 HOTAIR suppresses miR-1 expression in ESCC cells. (A) The bioinformatics analysis shows that HOTAIR mRNA contains binding sequences complementary to miR-1 seed regions. (B) Dual-luciferase reporter assay shows that overexpression of miR-1 significantly reduces the luciferase activity of the pMIR luciferase reporter containing the HOTAIR-WT but not the reporter containing the HOTAIR-MUT. (C) RIP assay shows that Ago2 antibody precipitates the Ago2 protein from KYSE30 cell extracts (upper panel). The data derived from qRT-PCR show that HOTAIR and miR-1 levels are both significantly high in Ago2 pellets relative to control IgG immunoprecipitates (lower panel). (D) qRT-PCR assay shows that ESCC cells, especially KYSE30 and KYSE510 cells, have lower miR-1 level than HEEpiC. (E) The overexpression of HOTAIR suppresses miR-1 expression. (F) qRT-PCR assay shows that miR-1 expression was downregulated in ESCC tissues compared with the corresponding nontumor specimens. (G) The correlation analysis shows a negative correlation between HOTAIR and miR-1 expression levels in ESCC tissues (n = 32). **P < .01 and ***P < .001. Translational Oncology 2016 9, 489-497DOI: (10.1016/j.tranon.2016.09.005) Copyright © 2016 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 HOTAIR relieves the inhibitory effects of miR-1 on ESCC cells. (A and B) CCK8 assays show that the increase of miR-1 level significantly reduces cell viability in KYSE30 and KYSE510 cells, and the treatment of miR-1 + pcDNA-HOTAIR abolishes the inhibitory effect induced by miR-1. (C and D) Flow cytometry analysis show that the increase of miR-1 level induces the G1 cell cycle arrest in KYSE30 and KYSE510 cells; inversely, the treatment of miR-1 + pcDNA-HOTAIR relieves the G1 cell cycle arrest induced by miR-1. *P < .05 and **P < .01. Translational Oncology 2016 9, 489-497DOI: (10.1016/j.tranon.2016.09.005) Copyright © 2016 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 HOTAIR works in ESCC cells by controlling the miR-1 target, CCND1. (A) Bioinformatics-based target prediction analysis shows that CCND1 is a potential target of miR-1. (B) Dual-luciferase reporter assay shows that the increase of miR-1 level reduces the luciferase activity of the pMIR luciferase reporter containing CCND1-WT, but not mutant reporter, and the treatment of miR-1 + pcDNA-HOTAIR restores the luciferase activity of the pMIR luciferase reporter containing CCND1-WT, but not mutant reporter, as compared with miR-1 and miR-1 + pcDNA-NC groups. (C and D) qRT-PCR and Western blot assay show that ESCC cells, especially KYSE30 and KYSE510 cells, have a higher level of CCND1 mRNA and protein than HEEpiC. (E) The immunohistochemistry shows that CCND1 levels in high-HOTAIR ESCC tissues were significantly higher than those in low-HOTAIR ESCC tissues. (F) The correlation analysis shows that CCND1 levels were positively correlated with HOTAIR expression in ESCC tissues. (G) The correlation analysis shows that CCND1 levels were inversely correlated with miR-1 expression in ESCC tissues. (H and I) Overexpression of miR-1 or knockdown of HOTAIR in KYSE30 cells markedly induces the expression of CCND1 mRNA and protein expression, and the treatment of miR-1 + pcDNA-HOTAIR regains the expression of CCND1 mRNA and protein. *P < .05, **P < .01, and ***P < .001. Translational Oncology 2016 9, 489-497DOI: (10.1016/j.tranon.2016.09.005) Copyright © 2016 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 CCND1 silencing inhibited proliferation and led to G1 cell cycle arrest in ESCC cells. (A and B) The knockdown of CCND1 inhibits cell proliferation in YSE30 and KYSE510 cells. (C and D) The knockdown of CCND1 induces G1 cell cycle arrest in YSE30 and KYSE510 cells. (E) Model diagram indicating the regulation mechanism of HOTAIR in ESCC. *P < .05. Translational Oncology 2016 9, 489-497DOI: (10.1016/j.tranon.2016.09.005) Copyright © 2016 The Authors Terms and Conditions