Class #19 More Ocean Chemistry... NUTRIENT ELEMENTS ORGANIC SUBSTANCES

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Presentation transcript:

Class #19 More Ocean Chemistry... NUTRIENT ELEMENTS ORGANIC SUBSTANCES LONG-TERM CONTROLS ON MAJOR DISSOLVED CONSTITUENTS "Steady state" Input processes Removal processes

NUTRIENT ELEMENTS Photosynth. requires ~ 30 nutrient elements CO2 + H2O + nutrients --> "Organic Matter" + O2 A few things can be "limiting nutrients” i.e., algae grow until they deplete one of these P -- present as dissolved PO4 N -- as dissolved NO3 (plants can't use N2) SiO2 -- diatoms need SiO2 Fe -- Iron is not soluble; its scarcity probably limits growth in many places (recent discovery)

Photosynthesis removes CO2 So can we “fertilize” the oceans to offset our CO2 emissions? 6CO2 + 6H2O + nutrients + sunlight => 6C6H12O6 + 6O2 The biological CO2 pump Reading: Section 16.5

http://disc. sci. gsfc. nasa http://disc.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/oceancolor/scifocus/oceanColor/iron_limits.shtml

Nutrient uptake and the nutrient cycle Nutrients are easy to identify: Non-conservative Concentrations vary- controlled by life processes Photosynthesis -- extracts nutrients photic zone waters -> nutrient concentrations drop quickly if not replenished Respiration -- releases nutrients locked up in organic matter (decomposed); concentrations greater in deep water Upwelling of deep water supplies nutrients to surface layer of the oceans

Photic Zone: Nutrients taken up into organic matter Organic matter sinks; some of it sinks out of the photic zone before it gets eaten/decomposed/recycled Deeper: Organic matter decomposed- nutrients released