Natural Selection State Standard Objectives: Describe the process of natural selection State the four types of evidence that natural selection has happened over time

Charles Darwin 1831 set sail on HMS Beagle Through the voyage, as a naturalist, Darwin observed many different species and came up with a theory

Galapagos Islands – Darwin's finches Collected different species of finches from different islands Unique to the island but similar to species on the mainland Had different beaks Ate different types of food- were specialized

Darwin's theory Tried to explain this change over time Species competed for resources Therefore they changed over time to reduce competition If they didn’t change, too much competition and they died The ones who changed and lived, produced offspring, passing on the change (genes and characteristics)

Natural Selection Selection is made on which individuals in a species will survive to reproduce Key factor is the environment The environmental factors will pick who lives and who dies Organisms with favorable variations survive, reproduce and pass on those variations (characteristics) to the next generation A possible explanation for the theory of evolution??? – a change through time

Adaptation A species becomes better suited to it’s environment A change in a genetic trait could be a mutation that gives and advantage to the organism to survive over the rest

Giraffes

Evidence of Change over Time, through natural Selection Fossil Record Comparative anatomy – bone structure embryo development DNA and proteins

Fossil Record

Comparative Anatomy - Bones Analogous structure – NO common evolutionary origin are similar only in function Bird wing and butterfly wing Homologous Structure – Common evolutionary origin Similar in arrangement, function or both Crocodile and whale

Vestigial Structure –changed from original purpose, but useful in an ancestor

Embryo Development