Diagnostic criteria currently proposed for “ictal epileptic headache”: Perspectives on strengths, weaknesses and pitfalls Pasquale Parisi, Alberto Verrotti,

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Presentation transcript:

Diagnostic criteria currently proposed for “ictal epileptic headache”: Perspectives on strengths, weaknesses and pitfalls Pasquale Parisi, Alberto Verrotti, Paola Costa, Pasquale Striano, Caterina Zanus, Marco Carrozzi, Umberto Raucci, Maria Pia Villa, Vincenzo Belcastro Seizure - European Journal of Epilepsy Volume 31, Pages 56-63 (September 2015) DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2015.07.005 Copyright © 2015 British Epilepsy Association Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Case number 1. A Brief subtle autonomic seizure during sleep characterized only by tachycardia and multifocal spikes, located mainly in the central areas and in the vertex. Before falling asleep, the child had had a headache all day long. Seizure - European Journal of Epilepsy 2015 31, 56-63DOI: (10.1016/j.seizure.2015.07.005) Copyright © 2015 British Epilepsy Association Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 (a) Case number 2. Awake EEG recorded during headache. Spike and waves in the right temporo-occipital regions. (b) Case number 2. Awake EEG after per os anticonvulsant therapy. EEG-clinical remission. Seizure - European Journal of Epilepsy 2015 31, 56-63DOI: (10.1016/j.seizure.2015.07.005) Copyright © 2015 British Epilepsy Association Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Case number 3. Awake EEG recorded during headache. Spike and waves in the left occipital regions. Seizure - European Journal of Epilepsy 2015 31, 56-63DOI: (10.1016/j.seizure.2015.07.005) Copyright © 2015 British Epilepsy Association Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Case number 4. EEG recording of an episode of ictal headache lasting about 50s during video EEG long-term monitoring. The girl's expression starts changing when rapid activity appears on the EEG. Some seconds later the girl appears to be disturbed by an unpleasant sensation and she moves. Then she complains of a headache. After a few more seconds, the father asks her whether she still has the headache. The girl says “no” when the EEG discharge resolves. Seizure - European Journal of Epilepsy 2015 31, 56-63DOI: (10.1016/j.seizure.2015.07.005) Copyright © 2015 British Epilepsy Association Terms and Conditions