Warm Up #6 What is fertilization?

Animal Behavior and reproduction Lesson 3: Animal Reproduction and Development

Essential Questions What are the roles of male and female reproductive organs? How do the two types of fertilization differ? What are the different types of animal development?

How is development similar in different animals? Activity Examine the pictures of young animals and adults. What are some similarities between each baby and adult counterpart?

Sexual reproduction Sexual reproduction – the genetic material from 2 different cells (sperm and egg) combine, producing an offspring Most animals reproduce this way Testes – the male reproductive organs that produce sperm Sperm – reproductive cells with tails to help them swim through fluid to reach the egg Ovaries – the female reproductive organs that produce egg cells Egg – larger than sperm and can’t move on its own

fertilization Fertilization – the joining of an egg cell with a sperm cell Occurs inside the body or outside the body depending on species Zygote – forms when a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell Develops into a new organism

fertilization Internal fertilization – occurs inside the body Ensures that the embryo is protected and nourished until it leaves the body, which increases chances of survival External fertilization – occurs outside the body Eggs released outside body and then sperm fertilizes it Egg and baby not cared for, which reduces chance of surviving A large number of eggs are produced in hopes at least a few will survive

development The way that organisms grow as an embryo External development – organisms that develop outside a mother’s body, usually in an egg The egg contains food and a protective covering Internal development – organisms that develop inside a mother’s body Get food and protection from the mother

development Gestation – the time between fertilization and birth of an animal Varies from species to species and usually relates to the size of the animal Ex: Mouse – 21 days Human – 266 day Elephant – 600 days

metamorphosis Metamorphosis – a developmental process in which the form of the body changes as an animal grows from an egg to an adult BrainPOP – Metamorphosis Metamorphosis - book