(8th) Chapter 12-2 Cornell Notes

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Presentation transcript:

(8th) Chapter 12-2 Cornell Notes Gravity and Motion

Chapter 12-2 Key Questions What determines the strength of the force of gravity between two objects? What two factors combine to keep the moon and Earth in orbit?

Chapter 12-2 Key Terms force- gravity- Universal Law of Gravitation- mass- weight- inertia- Newton’s 1st Law of Motion- Chapter 12-2 Key Terms

Chapter 12-2 Paragraph 1 Isaac Newton: an apple falling reminded him of the moon’s orbit; he realized a force acting between the earth and moon kept the moon in orbit.

Chapter 12-2 Paragraph 2 Newton thought the force involved might be gravity; he did not discover gravity but first to know that it happens everywhere; Law of Universal Gravitation: every object in the universe attracts every other object.

Chapter 12-2 Paragraph 3 newton: unit based on strength of gravity; depends on mass of objects and distance between them; mass: amount of matter in an object; pull of other objects not noticed because of their mass.

Earth exerts greater force because it’s so massive; same force keeps moon in orbit; weight: force of gravity on an object; weight varies with location; weight is 1/6 on the moon. Chapter 12-2 Paragraph 4

Chapter 12-2 Paragraph 5 inertia: tendency of an object to resist a change in motion; Newton’s 1st Law of Motion: object at rest stay at rest and/or object in motion stay in motion unless acted on by an outside force.

Chapter 12-2 Paragraph 6 2 factors (inertia and gravity) keep Earth in orbit around the sun and the moon in orbit around the Earth; inertia and gravity balance each other.