Marketing Management Indicator 2.03

Accounting Definitions Accounting equation – Assets = Liabilities + Capital Accounts payable -- Money which a company owes to vendors for products and services purchased on credit Accounts receivable – Money that is owed to the company by clients Amortization -- the paying off of debt in regular installments over a period of time

Assets – resources of monetary value owned by the business Balance sheet – a financial statement that lists the assets, liabilities, and capital of a business of a specific date Capital surplus -- Equity which cannot otherwise be classified as capital stock or retained earnings. Cash flow – the movement of funds into and out of a business; determines the amount of cash the business has to work with at any given time

Cash flow statement – a financial summary with estimates as to when, where, and how much money will flow into and out of a business Cost of goods sold – the amount of money a business pays for the product it will sell Depreciation – decrease in the value of an asset due to wear and age Discontinued operations – a part of a business that has been sold or abandoned

Goodwill – the customer’s positive feelings about an organization, product, or service Gross profit – money left after the cost of goods expense is subtracted from total income Income statement – a summary of a business’s income and expenses over a period of time Liabilities – Debts owed by the company

Minority interests -- a significant but non-controlling ownership of less than 50% of a company's voting shares by either an investor or another company. Operating expenses – all expenses involved in running a business Net income -- money remaining after operating expenses are subtracted from gross profit Net worth - For a company, total assets minus total liabilities. Net worth is an important determinant of the value of a company

Par value – a dollar value shown on a share of stock, which is an arbitrarily assigned amount that is used for bookkeeping purposes Reserve -- funds set aside for emergencies or other future needs Retained earnings – profits that are put aside to run a business Revenue – the total amount of money earned by a business; income

Shareholder’s equity – The value of a business to its owners (shareholders) after all the commitments have been met. Total Revenue -- amount of money a business brought in during the time period covered by the income statement Treasury Stock -- Stock reacquired by a corporation to be retired or resold to the public. Treasury stock is issued but not outstanding, and is not taken into consideration when calculating earnings per share or dividends, or for voting purposes.