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Uncontrolled copy when printed 21/09/2018 This slide may be shown at the beginning of the presentation. 21 September 2018 © Crown copyright 2017 Dstl © Crown copyright 2012 Dstl

Linking Geospatial Data to Heritage Research Applications of geosemantics for heritage research and beyond Paul Cripps Intelligence Management Team, Intelligence Systems & Analytics Group, Cyber & Information Systems Division, Dstl Hypermedia Research Group, University of South Wales Geographic Information Systems Research Group, University of South Wales Archaeological Computing Research Group, University of Southampton Official 21 September 2018 © Crown copyright 2017 Dstl

Cultural Heritage Domain: focus Uncontrolled copy when printed 21/09/2018 Cultural Heritage Domain: focus Domain Ontologies, vocabularies plus GeoSPARQL Semantics of Space-Time Egenhofer, RCC8, OGC Simple Feature Relations Allen’s Temporal Operators Qualitative vs Quantitative Non-geometric relations Fuzziness, uncertainty Multivocality & Provenance Inference & Reasoning Change & Propagation Fusion of geospatial with semantic Incorporation of geospatial standards eg Simple Features Addition of semantic structures & technologies eg RDFs, OWL Leveraging web technologies eg REST, JSON Qualitative Reasoning about space using relationships Black Mountains are in Wales Work with Places without dependency on geometries In the Black Mountains vs not in the Black Mountains Official 21 September 2018 © Crown copyright 2017 Dstl © Crown copyright 2013 Dstl

Uncontrolled copy when printed 21/09/2018 Research Ecosystems LGD Framework Shared resources Building Blocks Interfaces Maps Timelines Graphs & Networks Services & Systems GSTAR Demonstrators Geosemantics (GeoSPARQL) Semantics (Ontologies) Vocabularies (SKOS) Rules & Validation (SPIN/SWRL/SHACL) Typologies (SKOS) Stone Circle Wiltshire Places (OS LoD) Periods Bronze Age Materials (SKOS) Sarsen Events (OWL/RDFS) Construction People (FOAF) King Arthur Pendragon Map Depictions (GeoSPARQL) Geometries (WKT/GML) Nesting of ontologies GeoSPARQL designed to be bolted on to Domain Ontologies Re-use of robust constructs Interoperability Semantic Clarity Collaborative infrastructure Specialist groups maintain their own ontologies/systems; does not matter. Data described using Ontologies Publish as Linked Data Official 21 September 2018 © Crown copyright 2017 Dstl © Crown copyright 2013 Dstl

Uncontrolled copy when printed 21/09/2018 External APIs: Vocabularies AJAX Clients: QGIS Demonstrator App (OpenLayers, Bootstrap, AJAX) HTTP URL Web Services RESTful API: Jackson, Jersey, GeoTools GeoJSON GeoSPARQL JSON Triple Store: Parliament NLP String Template QGIS Ontology RDF WKT Heterogenous source material Ingest + Processing Pipeline Rest API for URL based access Supports range of clients via Open Standards Semantic Mediation of query terms via ontologies eg broader/narrower eg competing standards via skos mappings Users: Query across resources Strong (geo)semantics Exploration, visualisation Maps! Sources Access Excel XML Shp gdb csv Official 21 September 2018 © Crown copyright 2017 Dstl © Crown copyright 2013 Dstl

Knowledge Transfer Analogous processes From observations to knowledge Spatio-temporal core GEOINT, HUMINT, OSINT Activity Based Intelligence (ABI) Structured Observation Management (SOM) Object Based Production (OBP) Cathy Johnston, Director, Defense Intelligence Agency, 2013 Official 21 September 2018 © Crown copyright 2017 Dstl

gstar.archaeogeomancy.net pcripps@dstl.gov.uk Thankyou! gstar.archaeogeomancy.net pcripps@dstl.gov.uk Official 21 September 2018 © Crown copyright 2017 Dstl

Uncontrolled copy when printed 21/09/2018 This slide may be shown at the end of the presentation. 21 September 2018 © Crown copyright 2017 Dstl © Crown copyright 2012 Dstl

(Geo)Ontologies: Building Blocks Uncontrolled copy when printed 21/09/2018 (Geo)Ontologies: Building Blocks Geo Named Places Depictions Associated People Events/Activities Things/Stuff Descriptors/Metrics Relationships (Properties) Rules (Inference) Geosemantics (GeoSPARQL) Semantics (Domain: OWL/RDFs) Vocabularies (SKOS) Rules & Validation (SPIN/SWRL/SHACL) Typologies (SKOS) Stone Circle Wiltshire Places (OS LoD) Periods Bronze Age Materials (SKOS) Sarsen Events (OWL/RDFS) Construction People (FOAF) King Arthur Pendragon Map Depictions (GeoSPARQL) Geometries (WKT/GML) Nesting of ontologies GeoSPARQL designed to be bolted on to Domain Ontologies Re-use of robust constructs Interoperability Semantic Clarity Collaborative infrastructure Specialist groups maintain their own ontologies/systems; does not matter. Data described using Ontologies Publish as Linked Data Official 21 September 2018 © Crown copyright 2017 Dstl © Crown copyright 2013 Dstl