Timeline Review

First Humans Arrive in Canada Native Americans, like the Inuit, arrive from Asia roughly 11,000 years ago (or even earlier!). How did they get to North America?

Vikings Explore Eastern Canada Vikings arrive in eastern Canada around 1000 CE (about 1000 years ago). They explore what is now Nova Scotia, Newfoundland and New Brunswick.

John Cabot Around 1497, John Cabot, an English explorer, reaches Newfoundland. Where was he born?

Jacques Cartier Jacques Cartier arrives in Canada in 1534. He explores the St. Lawrence River Valley and claims the land for France. Why would the St. Lawrence River Valley have been a desirable region to claim and colonize?

Samuel de Champlain In 1608, Samuel de Champlain sets up a settlement with 32 French colonists in Quebec. The first time he explored Canada was in 1603; he was looking for a Northwest Passage. He also explored the Great Lakes, the Ottawa River, and the St. Lawrence River. What language is the official language of Quebec today? Hmmm….

Henry Hudson 1610 - 1611 English explorer Henry Hudson explores the Hudson River and Hudson Bay. He died in Hudson Bay after being abandoned by his crew.

New France Established In 1627, New France is established. What French explorers had explored and claimed this land for France?

Treaty of Paris - 1763 Ends 7 years of fighting between England and France in the French and Indian War (England wins). The Treaty gives England control of New France, which becomes the province of Quebec. Although the province is now a possession of England, the majority of people there speak French, practice Catholicism, and identify with French culture. How did the Treaty of Paris help England?

Dominion of Canada In 1867 the existing British colonies in Canada are united into the Dominion of Canada - the original colonies were Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. This is when Canada became a federation (federal system of government - like the US) rather than a group of separate colonies.

British North America Act Passed in 1867 by the British government. Formed the basis for Canada’s constitution and government structure Established the Dominion of Canada This was the beginning of Canada’s separation and independence from England.

Statute of Westminster A law passed by the British parliament in 1931 that granted complete autonomy (freedom, independence) to all British dominions, including Canada. Despite this autonomy, what important person does Canada still share with England? Not a statue...

Charter of Rights and Freedoms Passed in 1982, Canada’s new constitution ends all of England’s power in Canada. The constitution includes a section called the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, which guarantees the rights and freedoms of Canadian citizens. What does the US have that is similar to this?