Using GRAPHICS Bristol Community College CIS 13 Business Creativity Sources: Conference for Desktop Publisher and Others

What is Clip Art? Using GRAPHICS Originally, artwork that was purchased and clipped out before using. Clip art… Can be used to add interest Can create focal points Can enhance a publication Can be modified Can be overused Cannot be used without permission unless it’s royalty-free

Where do we find Clip Art? Using GRAPHICS Where do we find Clip Art? Collections on CD Web sites Original art

GRAPHICS Two basic forms of Images Using GRAPHICS GRAPHICS Two basic forms of Images Raster Dots Vector Drawn by a mathematical formula

GRAPHICS Raster Images Using GRAPHICS GRAPHICS Raster Images Bitmapped Stored in grids like graph paper Typical formats: jpeg, tiff, gif, and bmp files

GRAPHICS Do Not Enlarge Raster Images Using GRAPHICS GRAPHICS Do Not Enlarge Raster Images It only makes the dots bigger it doesn’t create more dots It creates “jaggies,” or jagged edges

Two Types of Raster Art: Line Art + Continuous Tone Using GRAPHICS Two Types of Raster Art: Line Art + Continuous Tone Line Art No gradation of tones Every pixel is black or white Example: Pen and ink drawing To appear smooth, use high density of dots 1200 pixels per inch is recommended PostScript language supports 600 ppi (pixels per inch) or dpi (dots per inch) Scan and print at 600 dpi to achieve effect

Two Types of Raster Art: Line Art + Continuous Tone Using GRAPHICS Two Types of Raster Art: Line Art + Continuous Tone Continuous Tone Many shades and levels Examples: Photographs and paintings Screening creates impression of variable tone Actually, density of dots create the illusion Types: Grayscale (black, white, gray) Duotone (two colors) Color (cyan, yellow, magenta, and black)

GRAPHICS Vector Using GRAPHICS Art is created by curves using a mathematic formula Created in a drawing and painting program like Illustrator, Freehand, or Corel Draw Save as an EPS (Encapsulated PostScript) file Can be enlarged without “jaggies”

GRAPHICS Vector to Raster and Back Using GRAPHICS GRAPHICS Vector to Raster and Back Open a vector file in Quark, Illustrator or Powerpoint and it stays a vector file Open a vector file in Photoshop, it becomes bitmapped or rasterized.

GRAPHICS Photos Photos are bitmapped/raster images Using GRAPHICS GRAPHICS Photos Photos are bitmapped/raster images Scan them at the finished size The higher the resolution, the better the quality, but the output device determines the dpi Monitor = 72 dpi Laser printer = 300-600 dpi Image setter = 1200 - 2450 dpi

GRAPHICS Scanning Tips Using GRAPHICS GRAPHICS Scanning Tips Type of Graphic: On Screen/Web Print Enlarging Photo Scan at: 72 - 100 dpi 200 - 300 dpi Maximum File Format: JPEG TIFF Remember: Higher resolution = larger files 4”x6” b&w 8 bits 300 dpi 2.2. MB 4”x6” color 24 bit 73 dpi 360K 4”x6” color 24 bit 300 dpi 6.5 MB 8”x10” color 24 bit 600 dpi 84.4 MB

GRAPHICS More Scanning Tips Using GRAPHICS GRAPHICS More Scanning Tips Scan at the level of the image If an image was created at 300 dpi, scan it at 300 dpi Scanning a 300 dpi at 600 dpi pulls forward imperfections Enlarging Raster Images Scanning Formula: (final width/width of original image) x final ppi = scan ppi example: (8 inches/4 inches) x 300 ppi = 600 ppi

GRAPHICS Saving Graphics for WEB Using GRAPHICS GRAPHICS Saving Graphics for WEB GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) Good for sharp lines, but large files JPEG (Joint Photographic Exports Group) Excellent for reducing large images into small files PNG (Portable Network Graphics) Free alternative to GIF, becoming more widely used Avoid BMP (art, wmp and pict)

GRAPHICS Saving Graphics for Print Using GRAPHICS GRAPHICS Saving Graphics for Print TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) Best choice and most common Works on both Mac and PC Can be large files Industry standard EPS (Encapsulated Post Script) Includes the PostScript instructions Avoid if saving publication as an EPS document

GRAPHIC Resources Some Pay Sites Using GRAPHICS GRAPHIC Resources Some Pay Sites jupiterimages.com photodisc.com corbis.com arttoday.com istockphoto.com fotosearch.com fotolia.com

GRAPHIC Resources Some Free Sites Using GRAPHICS GRAPHIC Resources Some Free Sites thefreesite.com iconbazaar.com fontface.com microsoft.com/clipgallerylive artvex.com