Gerontologisch geredeneerd, geriatrisch gehandeld: Personalized medicine in de context van veroudering René Melis, arts-epidemioloog Geriatrie/AlzheimerCentrum.

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Presentation transcript:

Gerontologisch geredeneerd, geriatrisch gehandeld: Personalized medicine in de context van veroudering René Melis, arts-epidemioloog Geriatrie/AlzheimerCentrum Nijmegen, UMC St Radboud Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

Federa ziet Sarah / Abraham! 2

3

De ouderdom komt met gebreken!? His acts being seven ages. At first the infant, Mewling and puking in the nurse's arms. … And so he plays his part. The sixth age shifts Into the lean and slipper'd pantaloon, With spectacles on nose and pouch on side, His youthful hose, well saved, a world too wide For his shrunk shank; and his big manly voice, Turning again toward childish treble, pipes And whistles in his sound. Last scene of all, That ends this strange eventful history, Is second childishness and mere oblivion, Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything. As you like it – W. Shakespeare 4

5 Ouderdom kent veel gezichten

6 Ouderdom kent veel gezichten Frailty (o.a. Fried, Rockwood)

7 Heterogeniteit = defining feature ouder worden

Verloop dementie incidente cases (n=376) Tijd (jaar) Composite Cognitive/ADL scale

Verloop dementie wanneer gecentreerd rond diagnose Diagnose Tijd (jaar) Composite Cognitive/ADL scale

Verklaren bijkomende ziekten dementiebeloop? Geen dementie 0 ziekten 1 ziekte 2+ ziekten Dementie 0 ziekten 1 ziekte 2+ ziekten

In welke mate in staat om heterogeniteit te verklaren? IEA John Snow lezing G. Davey Smith o.b.v. Erfelijke factoren Familiair gedeelde omgevingsfactoren Niet-gedeelde omgevingsfactoren Randomness Int J Epidemiol Jun;40(3):537-62

G Davey Smith: randomness… op niveau individu It is immaterial whether there is true ontological indeterminancy […] or […] merely epistemological indeterminancy …would often be no implications for disease prevention, as such events do not generally provide targets for intervention. 12 Int J Epidemiol Jun;40(3):537-62

G Davey Smith: randomness… op niveau individu It is immaterial whether there is true ontological indeterminancy […] or […] merely epistemological indeterminancy …would often be no implications for disease prevention, as such events do not generally provide targets for intervention. 13 Int J Epidemiol Jun;40(3):537-62

Verloop dementie incidente cases (n=376) Tijd (jaar) Composite Cognitive/ADL scale

Gerontologie / Geriatrie Niet alleen heterogeniteit TUSSEN personen… … maar ook heterogeniteit BINNEN personen 15

Heterogeniteit BINNEN personen

Heterogeniteit BINNEN personen Belang meerdere uitkomstdomeinen (multidimensionaliteit) Andere definitie van successful ageing (Baltes & Baltes 1990): Selective optimization and compensation Ouder worden moet dus als een ontwikkelingstaak worden beschouwd

Personalized medicine Aanvullende betekenis Niet alleen: Bestaat er zoiets als Alzheimer Dementie-Type Dhr. Peters? En vraagt die andere behandeling? Maar ook: In hoeverre zijn wij in staat Dhr. Peters te helpen bij proces maximaliseren levensinvulling ondanks gezondheidsverlies? 18

Federa Begint toch op leeftijd te raken Wens dat Federa succesvol oud zal worden Van harte geluk gewenst met meer dan 50 jaar! 19

20

Occams razor William of Ockham (14 th -century philosopher) plurality should not be posited without necessity Medicine: Logical device used by physicians to identify the single best cause of a patients constellation of symptoms Ann Intern Med 2002 Apr 16;136(8):634

22 1 risicofactor1 ziekte

23 1 risicofactor1 ziekte intermediair confounder effectmodicator

Multimorbiditeit Aantal ziekten met leeftijd CBS – Statline

Hickams dictum A patient can have as many diagnoses as he darn well pleases. Semin Roentgenol 1998; 33: 213

Sufficient causes model – Ken Rothman 26 U A B C D U A E F D U A B C G H Am J Epidemiol Jan 1;163(1):76-83

27

Verloop dementie Veel van heterogeniteit TUSSEN personen onverklaarbaar Desondanks blijven zoeken naar groepen daarbinnen Maar wel met een zeker realisme