Speciation evolution of a new species occurs when members of similar populations no longer interbreed to produce offspring in a natural environment

In order for their to be speciation, there must be isolation

Geographic isolation - when a physical barrier divides a population volcano earthquake (produce islands) flood

Gene pools will evolve separately can become different enough to be separate species

Speciation

Reproductive isolation Populations can no longer produce fertile offspring genetic material can be so different that reproduction is not possible

Behaviors can also prevent reproduction mating at different times of the year

Patterns of Evolution

1) Convergent evolution distant related organisms evolve similar traits develop structures for the same function analogous structures

Convergent evolution

2)Divergent evolution pattern where species that were similar to an ancestral species become more distinct become less alike as they adapt to separate environments homologous

Divergent Evolution

adaptive radiation - a species adapts into a variety of species to fit many diverse habitats Finches’ beaks adapted to food sources on Galapagos Islands

Adaptive Radiation

Adaptive Radiation

ADAPTIVE RADIATION –An example of divergent evolution http://www.vanderbilt.edu/AnS/english/Clayton/Galapago_finches.gif http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php

Breeding organisms for desired traits Artificial Selection Breeding organisms for desired traits Agriculture (plants and livestock) Dogs and other pets

Artificial Selection

What about Super Cow?