Physical Geography of the U.S. & Canada

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Physical Geography of the U.S. & Canada

Intermontane Landforms

Bonneville Salt Flats (UT)- speed record tested here b/c of flat land, openess

Intermontane Landforms Death Valley: hottest & lowest in US (134° in 1913) <2” of rain each year dancing rocks phenomenon

Grand Canyon

Hoover Dam Built on Colorado River b/w Arizona and Nevada (1931-1935) What is purpose of building dam? to provide irrigation, flood control, and hydroelectric-power

Piedmont & Lowlands Piedmont: E of Appalachians Plateau drops (Fall Line) into the coastal lowlands Many 1st cities originated here- WHY? Rapids/waterfalls = hydroelectric power and blocked from moving inland

Water Glacial Lakes Great Bear Lake & Great Slave Lake formed by glacial dams Great Lakes (Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, Superior) formed by glacial gouges St. Lawrence Seaway- series of canals & rivers Helped build industry in NE (reason for success)

Canadian Shield Giant core of bedrock (millions of yrs. old) Negatively affected by Glaciation: scraped down to bare rock/thin soil Good soil deposited in Great Plains Only veg. is forests in south Great for minerals (ores, gold, silver, copper, etc.)

Exposed Precambrian bedrock

Mt. McKinley (Alaska Range) = tallest peak in N.A. at 20,320 feet

Rocky Mountains Formed by uplift (shocks) Stretch more than 3,000 miles from New Mexico to Alaska Series of ranges (cordilleras)

Grand Tetons, Wyoming

Rockies in Alberta, Canada

Eastern Mountains Appalachians: formed 300 million yrs ago Oldest mts; eroded to 5,000-6,000 ft Eastern NA plate collided with African plate From Quebec to central Alabama

Continental Divide Divide = high point or ridge that determines the direction that rivers flow

Interior Landforms Great Plains (aka Interior/High Plains*) Start at 6,000 ft gradually slope down about from W to E Wheat Belt *depends on source*

Interior Landforms High Plains: primarily W of the 100th meridian 10-20 inches of rain (semi-arid); good for rangeland

100th Meridian

Interior Landforms Eastern Interior Plains: region most positively affected by glaciers Typically east of 100th Meridian 20-40 inches of rain Most fertile soil in world: Corn Belt

Natural Resources Fuels Petroleum & Nat. Gas: TX  and Alaska, & Alberta lead Coal: Appalachians, Wyoming, & British Columbia Many cities in Appalachians are dying as coal becomes more dangerous to use, less impt.

Natural Resources Timber Fishing Today cover <50% of Canada & 1/3 of US Conservation of forests and animals is high priority Fishing Grand Banks (Can.), Atlantic, Pacific, and Gulf of MX (water everywhere ) Cod fishing banned in Grand Banks in ’92 due to overfishing