Biological nanocomposite materials

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Presentation transcript:

Natural Nanobiocomposites, Biomimetic Nanocomposites, and Biologically Inspired Nanocomposites

Biological nanocomposite materials

Natural Nanocomposite Materials Protein Spider silk

Biologically Synthesized Nanoparticles Transmission electron microscope bright-field image of a single cell of Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum strain MS-1. Off-axis electron holography of the boxed region in the transmission electron microscope showed that the magnetite crystals were all single magnetic domains. Transmission electron micrograph of rod-like amorphous silica extracted from a grass. The rod-like nature is due at least in part to the local environment inside the plant cells.

Biologically Synthesized Nanostructures Transmission electron micrograph of (left) bacterial S-layer, which serves as a protein template for the formation of (right) a thin film of mesostructured gypsum

Higher organisms also generate inorganic/organic composite structures Scanning electron micrograph of the fracture surface of a single-crystal spine from a sea urchin, demonstrating conchoidal cleavage. Scanning electron micrograph of a fracture surface of the nacre of the red abalone, showing a side view of the aragonite tablets.

Bone

Transmission electron micrograph of a fractured piece of mineralized bone from a 50-year-old human male femur. (a) Many mineral crystals are oriented edge-on and are parallel to the long direction of the collagen fibrils. (b) Higher magnification view of the bone fragment at the location in (a) marked with an arrowhead. Here, crystals are oriented face-on. The flat, plate-like nature of the mineral crystals in bone can be observed in these figures.

Biologically Derived Synthetic Nanocomposites (1) Protein-Based Nanostructure Formation ferritin Fig. 3.8 Transmission electron micrographs of magnetite (Fe3O4)- and maghemite (c- Fe2O3)-filled ferritins. (a) 260 Fe atoms/molecule, unstained; only the discrete electron-dense inorganic cores can be seen. (b) 260 Fe atoms/molecule, after staining with uranyl acetate, showing encapsulation of inorganic cores by intact protein shell (white halo around each particle). (c) 530 Fe atoms/molecule, unstained. (d) 1000 Fe atoms/molecule, unstained. (e) 2040 Fe atoms/molecule, unstained. (f) 3150 Fe atoms/molecule, unstained. Scale bars in all figures = 50 nm.

(2)DNA-Templated Nanostructure Formation Transmission electron micrograph of a nanostructure obtained by mineralization of a circular plasmid DNA with CdS nanoparticles. The ring diameter closely matches the predicted diameter of the plasmid DNA.

Biologically Inspired Nanocomposites Theoretical calculation of band-gap energy as a function of particle diameter for several different semiconductors.

Cd3P2 quantum dots. Particle size increases in the direction of the arrows. The white particles are about 1.5 nm, and the black particles are larger than 5 nm.

Transmission electron micrograph of nanocrystalline CdS structure grown under an arachidic acid monolayer at room temperature. Scale bar = 200 nm.

Examples of CdSe nanoparticles with complex shape and form that can be created by solution synthesis from a mixture of surface passivating agents.

Biologically Inspired Nanocomposites -Lyotropic Liquid-Crystal Templating -Block copolymer Templating

How to make nano porous structures ?

Lyotropic Liquid-Crystal Templating

Synthesis of semiconductor-organic composites

Mineralization of a Cubic Liquid Crystal

To Confirm Hollow structure of Nanoparticle by TEM

Liquid-Crystal Templating of Thin Films

Block copolymer Templating How to synthesis diblock copolymer?

Ultrahigh-Density Nanowire Arrays Grown in Self-Assembled Diblock Copolymer Templates T. Thurn-Albrecht, et al. Science 290, 2126 (2000

FT-IR analysis

SAXS analysis A) Sample oriented in the electric field. Two weak equatorial reflections (indicated by arrows) show the alignment of the cylindrical microdomains oriented in the electric Þeld normal to the surface. B) pore formation C) water-methanol mixture wets the interior of the pores D) Water alone does not wet the interior of the pores F) Scattering pattern obtained from the same sample before (E) and after (F) electroplating with Co.

Q and A ?