EVOLUTION REVIEW

What is a fossil? Any dead organisms The preserved remains or traces of an organism A perfect copy of a rock An unusual type of rock

How do most fossils form? Living things die and their remains are buried by sediments The hard parts of an organism dry out in the air The soft parts of an organism change to stone Freezing preserves the remains of an organism

The fossil record shows that life on Earth has changed over time The fossil record shows that life on Earth has changed over time. For example, paleontologists have found that older rocks contain fossils of Organisms that are more complex than those alive today Both simple and complex organisms Only organisms that are alive today Organisms that are simpler than those alive today

Which of the following is an example of the evolution of communications technology? Calculators to computers Mimeograph machines to photocopiers Fax machines to internet Slide rule to calculators

The process by which all different kinds of living things have changed over long periods of time is called Sedimentation Replacement Deposition Evolution

A fossil formed when minerals replace all or part of an organism is called a Mold Petrified fossil Cast Trace fossil

Which type of fossil can provide clues about the activities of ancient organisms? Trace fossils Remains preserved in amber Carbon films Molds and casts

Which of the following is a sudden event that can change Earth’s surface? Volcanic eruption Chemical weathering Mechanical weathering Mountain building

The relative age of a rock is Its age compared to the ages of other rocks Less than the age of the fossils in the rock contains The number of years since the rock formed Its age based on how much carbon-14 the rock contains

The law of superposition states that, in horizontal layers of sedimentary rock, each layer is Older than the layer above it and younger than the layer below it Neither older nor younger than the other layers Younger than the layer above it and older than the layer below it Always older than any vertical layers

This process happens when rocks break apart without changing their chemical composition. Chemical weathering Volcanic eruption Sedimentation Mechanical weathering

The fossils of organisms that were widely distributed but only lived during a short period of time are called Trace fossils Petrified fossils Index fossils Carbon film fossils

Why are index fossils useful to geologists? They tell the absolute age of the rock in which they occur They tell the ages of many different rock layers They tell the age of the rock at one location only They tell the relative age of the rock in which they occur

How can satellite imagery best be used after a hurricane hits the coast? A. to check nearby lake depths B. to identify the amount of beach erosion C. to determine the location of sea turtles’ nests D. to map topography inland of the coastal region

The time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample of a radioactive element to decay is the element’s Relative age Potassium-argon date Absolute age Half-life

Radioactive dating enables geologists to determine The age of the atoms in a rock The half-life of a fossil organism The relative ages of rocks The absolute ages of rocks

In which type of fossil might you find the remains of an insect preserved with little or no change? Trace fossil Replacement fossil Mold Fossil in amber

A layer of marine fossils is discovered in a desert environment A layer of marine fossils is discovered in a desert environment. Which hypothesis best explains the discovery? A The area was once covered by water. B Volcanic activity once occurred in the area. C A catastrophic event once occurred in the area. D Erosion turned most of the limestone in the area into sand.

How did Earth change about 2 How did Earth change about 2.5 billion years ago when some organisms began using photosynthesis to make food? The amount of oxygen in the atmosphere increased Mass extinction occurred The oceans became larger Rainfall increased

About 260 million years ago, Earth’s continents moved together to form the supercontinent called Antarctica Cambria North America Pangaea