You will now learn how to form and use the past subjunctive (el pretérito imperfecto del subjuntivo), also called the imperfect subjunctive. Like the.

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Presentation transcript:

You will now learn how to form and use the past subjunctive (el pretérito imperfecto del subjuntivo), also called the imperfect subjunctive. Like the present subjunctive, the past subjunctive is used mainly in multiple-clause sentences that express states and conditions such as will, influence, emotion, commands, indefiniteness, and non-existence. DRAGONS! © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

¡Atención! Note that the nosotros/as form of the past subjunctive always has a written accent. © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

The past subjunctive endings are the same for all verbs. –ar, -er, -ir © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

3. To this stem you then add the past subjunctive endings. 1. The past subjunctive is formed using the Uds./ellos/ellas form of the preterite. 2. By dropping the -ron ending from this preterite form, you establish the stem of all the past subjunctive forms. 3. To this stem you then add the past subjunctive endings. © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

ALL: -ar, -er, and -ir How many verbs is this true for? © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

For verbs with irregular preterites, add the past subjunctive endings to the irregular stem. © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

Caer, creer, leer, and oír change –i– to –y– in the third-person forms (usted, él, and ella forms and ustedes, ellos, and ellas forms) of the preterite. © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

Verbs with infinitives ending in –uir change –i– to –y– in the third-person forms of the preterite. © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

Stem-changing –ir verbs also have a modified stem change in the third-person forms of the preterite. Stem-changing –ar and –er verbs are regular. Chancla Verbs © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

Conseguir- to get obtain Consentir- to give consent Hervir- to boil Other –ir stem-changing verbs include: Conseguir- to get obtain Consentir- to give consent Hervir- to boil Morir- to die Preferir- to prefer Repetir- to repeat Seguir- to follow to continue Sentir- to feel Servir- to serve © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

e imos iste o (i)eron Irregulares use COMBO endings: A number of –er and –ir verbs have irregular preterite stems. There are three main types of irregular verbs in the preterite: U, I and J. Irregulares use COMBO endings: e imos iste o (i)eron

© by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

© by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

Traducir traduj- Traduje, tradujiste, tradujo, tradujimos, tradujisteis, tradujeron © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

-jeron (ellos/ellas Uds.) ending. Note that the stem of decir (dij–) not only ends in j, but the stem vowel e changes to i. Most verbs that end in –cir have j-stems in the preterite and omit the ¨i¨ from the -jeron (ellos/ellas Uds.) ending. © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

fueron dieron ser/ir ¡FU! fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, dar Ser, ir, dar, and ver also have irregular preterites. The preterite forms of ser and ir are identical. Notice these do NOT use the combo endings. dar di, diste, dio, dimos, dieron ver vi, viste, vio, vimos, vieron ser/ir ¡FU! fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fueron © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

The past subjunctive is used in the same contexts and situations as the present subjunctive and the present perfect subjunctive, except that it generally describes actions, events, or conditions that have already happened. Therefore, the triggers are now in Past Tense, usually Preterite or Imperfect © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

Práctica del Pretérito Imperfecto Subjuntivo © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

© by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

© by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

Indica la forma apropiada del pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo de los verbos entre paréntesis. Quería que tú ________ (venir) más temprano. Esperábamos que ustedes _____ (hablar) mucho más en la reunión. No creían que yo _____ (poder) hacerlo. No deseaba que nosotros _____ (invertir) el dinero ayer. Sentí mucho que ustedes no _____ (estar) con nosotros anoche. No era necesario que ellas _____ (hacer) todo. Me pareció increíble que tú _____ (saber) dónde encontrarlo. No había nadie que _____ (creer) tu historia. Mis padres insistieron en que yo _____ (ir) a la universidad. Queríamos salir antes de que ustedes _____ (llegar). vinieras © by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.

© by Vista Higher Learning, Inc. All rights reserved.