Adapted from: https://www. georgewbushlibrary. smu
Primary Sources
What is a primary source? How is a primary source different from a secondary source? Ask for examples from class; optional - write or have them add to board
PRIMARY SOURCES SECONDARY SOURCES “A first-hand, original account, record, or evidence about a person, place, object, or an event.” Examples: Oral histories Objects Photographs Documents – newspapers, ledgers, census records Diaries, Journals, memoirs Maps Government documents Visual materials Sound recordings SECONDARY SOURCES analyzes and interprets a primary source derived from a primary source step or two removed from the original event Examples: Textbooks Newspaper articles that interpret Book, art, and theater reviews or criticisms Histories Analyses – scientific trials, research, etc. Biographies “Engaging Students with Primary Sources.” History Explorer.si.edu. Smithsonian National Museum of American History. n.d.:1-64. PDF file. 10 May 2014.
Citation? Do we need to cite primary sources? Why? Example NEWSPAPERS Author. “Title of Article.” Title of Newspaper [city] Day Month Year published. Title of the Database or Web site. Medium. Day Month Year of access The LOC provides examples for citing a variety of styles of primary sources in MLA format. LOC Citations If I were to cite a newspaper from LOC – link to LOC site with headlines showing 100 years ago (http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/) ) today – time permitting
Observe Describe what you see. What do you notice first? What people and objects are shown? How are they arranged? What is the physical setting? What, if any, words do you see? What other details can you see? Adapted from The Library of Congress Teacher's Guide "Analyzing Prints and Photographs" 4
Reflect Why do you think this image was made? What's happening in the image? When do you think it was made? Who do you think was the audience for this image? What tools were used to create this? What can you learn from examining this image? What's missing from this image? If someone made this today, what would be different? What would be the same?
Question What do you wonder about... who? what? when? where? why? how?
Next… Write a caption for your image to capture the message of the creator. Base the caption only on what you can see in the image, not what you have read about the image. Be able to explain your thinking.
The Story Behind the Picture “Teaching the Young Idea How to Sell” National Child Labor Committee Collection Thoughts??
Dear John, PHOTO BOOTH (Photographs) FUNNY PAPERS? PHOTO BOOTH (Photographs) FUNNY PAPERS? (Political/Editorial Cartoons) POST –IT! (Posters/Propaganda/Maps) I DECLARE! (Speeches, poems, etc.) Dear John, (Letters) NO CANDY?! (Here is your chance – explore something not included. Advocates? Oral Histories? Sound? Film? What other primary sources related to this topic interest you?)
Exit Ticket Answer Q1 or Q2 Q1: What are the benefits of using a primary source? Q2: What are limitations to consider when using or analyzing a primary source?