HISTORY OF GREEK THEATER

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Presentation transcript:

HISTORY OF GREEK THEATER IT’S GREEK TO ME! HISTORY OF GREEK THEATER

GREEK THEATER Location—Athens Time--5th Century 4 playwrights Aeschylus Sophocles Euripides Aristophanes 43 surviving works

Greek Theater Theater of Dionysus at Athens Spectacle of loud music and vivid colors Dancing Chanting Bawdy—obscene Scandalous Violent

Greek Theater Origins in religion Dionysus-god of wine Week long festivals Held in spring (March) Priests danced and chanted odes to Dionysus Choric Dithyrambs

Greek Theater Tragedy (tragos) “goat song” developed out of the dithyrambs Everyone attended festivals—state paid for tickets for the poor Plays set to the light of day Timing became important Contests held for best play 4 plays were offered—a trilogy and a satyr play Prize—an ivy garland worn by both author and his patron— eventually the prize was gold coins

Greek Theater

Greek Theater Theater could hold as many as 15,000- 20,000 people The theater was rebuilt in the 4th century using stone— wood was used in the time of the earliest playwrights

Greek Theater Theatron-seeing place Orchestra-acting area Skene-costume building Parados-entrance and exit

Greek Theater Costumes: chiton—tunic onkus—head piece mask cothurnis—thick soled shoes

Greek Theater Scenery was eventually added to the plays in the form of periaktois---three sided structures which could be turned to indicated a different place

Greek Theater Format of the Plays Greek theater evolved from ritual and dance with a strong choral focus to a greater emphasis upon dramatic action. The choric dithyrambs were originally about the death and resurrection of Dionysus-- god of wine and feritlity.

Greek Chorus First function of the chorus was as narrator. When the first actor stepped out of the chorus and assumed a role, the chorus was able to assume a role as well--- if actor was playing a god---chorus could be worshipers. Chorus worked within limits of the action or outside of the action as commentator s. Chorus provided commentary, asked questions, gave opinions and warnings, reinforced facts, separated episodes, and served as spokespeopl e for member of the community. As the number of actors increased from one to three, the chorus decreased from 50 to 12- 15. Members of the chorus were from the general population Chorus members were unpaid volunteers doing their civic duty. Rehearsal was likely 4 months of more.

Greek Chorus Choruses did not rehearse in the theater to keep plays a surprise Choruses were trained and costumed at state expense or through a wealthy patron. The sponsorship paid the patron’s taxes and got his name on a monument. Early dramatists (Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides) probably taught their own choruses. Main purpose was to bridge the gap between the audience and the players and to intensify emotions. Songs and dance enlarged the action and relieved tension.

Greek Chorus

Greek Chorus Flutes, lyres, horns, drums, and bells were the instruments used to create music for the chorus.

Greek Masks

Greek Masks

Greek Masks Made from clay, wood, linen, and leather. Allowed actors to play several different roles, including females. Helped audience to see and understand characters because of highly exaggerated features. Actors had to use their bodies to enhance emotions. Actors mastered a range of vocal expressions. Projection enhanced---worked like a megaphone.