© 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 1 Which of these is NOT a form of electromagnetic radiation? Gamma rays Infrared Sound Visible light Radio Answer: c © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 1 Which of these is NOT a form of electromagnetic radiation? Gamma rays Infrared Sound Visible light Radio Explanation: Sound comes from pressure waves; all others are types of electro- magnetic radiation of different wavelengths. © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 2 The distance between successive wave crests defines the _____ of a wave. wavelength frequency period amplitude energy Answer: a © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 2 The distance between successive wave crests defines the _____ of a wave. wavelength frequency period amplitude energy Explanation: Light can range from short-wavelength gamma rays to long-wavelength radio waves. © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 3 The frequency at which a star’s intensity is greatest depends directly on its radius. mass. magnetic field. temperature. direction of motion. Answer: d © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 3 The frequency at which a star’s intensity is greatest depends directly on its radius. mass. magnetic field. temperature. direction of motion. Explanation: Wien’s law means that hotter stars produce much more high-frequency light. © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 4 Rigel appears as a bright bluish star, whereas Betelgeuse appears as a bright reddish star. Rigel is _____ Betelgeuse. cooler than the same temperature as older than hotter than more massive than The constellation ORION Betelgeuse Rigel Answer: d © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 4 Rigel appears as a bright bluish star, whereas Betelgeuse appears as a bright reddish star. Rigel is _____ Betelgeuse. cooler than the same temperature as older than hotter than more massive than Explanation: Hotter stars look bluer in color; cooler stars look redder. The constellation ORION Betelgeuse Rigel © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 5 If a light source is approaching you, you will observe that its spectral lines are redshifted. the light is much brighter. its spectral lines are shorter in wavelength. the amplitude of its waves has increased. its photons have increased in speed. Answer: c © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 5 If a light source is approaching you, you will observe that its spectral lines are redshifted. the light is much brighter. its spectral lines are shorter in wavelength. the amplitude of its waves has increased. its photons have increased in speed. Explanation: The Doppler shift explains that wavelengths from sources approaching us are blueshifted. © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 6 The wavelengths of emission lines produced by an element depend on its temperature. are identical to its absorption lines. depend on its density. are different from its absorption lines. depend on its intensity. Answer: b © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 6 The wavelengths of emission lines produced by an element depend on its temperature. are identical to its absorption lines. depend on its density. are different from its absorption lines. depend on its intensity. Explanation: Elements absorb or emit the same wavelengths of light based on their electron energy levels. © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 7 Analyzing a star’s spectral lines can tell us about all of these EXCEPT its composition. surface temperature. transverse (side-to-side) motion. rotation. density. Answer: c © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 7 Analyzing a star’s spectral lines can tell us about all of these EXCEPT its composition. surface temperature. transverse (side-to- side) motion. rotation. density Explanation: Only motion toward or away from us influences a star’s spectral lines. Spectra can also tell us about a star’s magnetic field. © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 8 What types of electromagnetic radiation from space reach the surface of Earth? radio waves and microwaves X-rays and ultraviolet light infrared and gamma rays visible light and radio waves visible and ultraviolet light Answer: d © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 8 What types of electromagnetic radiation from space reach the surface of Earth? radio waves and microwaves X-rays and ultraviolet light infrared and gamma rays visible light and radio waves visible and ultraviolet light Explanation: Earth’s atmosphere allows radio waves and visible light to reach the ground. © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 9 Which of the following has a fundamentally different nature than the other four? Proton Electron Neutron Atomic nucleus Photon Answer: e © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

Question 9 Which of the following has a fundamentally different nature than the other four? Proton Electron Neutron Atomic nucleus Photon Explanation: Photons are packages of light energy. Protons, neutrons, and electrons are particles of matter within an atomic nucleus. © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.