Geography grade 8 to 10.

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Presentation transcript:

Geography grade 8 to 10

Earthquakes

What produces an earthquake ? Plate movements Cause cracks or faults In the earth’s crust. These faults produce Stresses which cause Vibrations. These vibrations are Called earthquakes.

TERMS

Seismic Waves

P, S and Waves The P and S waves pass through the crust from the focus to the surface. On the surface they become L waves where they cause the most damage. They cause movement in the following three ways: -up and down -backward and forward -from side to side

TSUNAMIS They are huge sea waves Which are experienced in Shallow waters along coastlines. It reaches heights of between 10 and 30 metres.

Measurement of Earthquakes -Seismograph and the Richter Scale

The Richter Scale It measures the size of the seismic waves and their Speed to classify the magnitude of the earthquake in Terms of energy released. The scale extends from 1-9 . Each step represents a magnitude 10 times greater than the previous step.

Earthquake regions