CLIC klystron modulators R&D R&D and Purchasing strategy D. Aguglia & D. Nisbet (TE-EPC-FPC) 24th April 2012

Power Systems for the CLIC Project The CLIC PBS for powering Commercial systems R&D CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal

CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal Objective of meeting Outline requirements for CLIC project Summarise strategy and choices Describe financial implications Discuss detailed implementation CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal

CLIC studies & klystron modulators specs ~1600 klystron Modulators required here Modulator main specifications Pulse voltage Vkn 150 kV Pulse current Ikn 160 A Peak power Pout 24 MW Rise & fall times trise 3 μs Flat-top lenght tflat 140 Repetition rate Repr 50 Hz Flat-top stability FTS 0.85 % Pulse reproducibility PPR 10 ppm Pulse efficiency definition ~300MW required for kly. mod. CLIC studies goal: Demonstrate technical & financial feasibility Full scale kly. mod. prototypes required Resources + time schedule = Mandate! Financial resources available for feasibility demo + realisation of 2 working prototypes for 2016 Collaboration needed & Encouraged to improve resources & expertises for this challenging project! CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal

CLIC studies & klystron modulators specs Technology challenges Need for a global approach! Different solutions must be explored (transformer based, fully solid state, HV & LV solutions) Machine availability With more than 1600 modulators, reliability, modularity & redundancy must be optimized for maximum accelerator availability Pulse to pulse reproducibility: 10 to 100ppm Modulator and voltage measurement reproducibility never achieved before! Modulator topology selection considering: Efficiency maximization (max. power limited) Reproducibility Constant power consumption Satisfactory accelerator availability AC power quality optimization More than 1600 modulators pulsing synchronously! Utility grid power fluctuation minimized (~1%) – tough charger design CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal

R&D philosophy - @ CERN vs. collaborations Need for partners in specialized fields but with global understanding of the whole system CERN must have the intellectual property and expertise in high performance klystron modulators Again, global design approach! Very few institutions have all the skills to work in this domain The R&D process needs a global approach to the system! CERN coordinates the R&D program Specifications from grid and from klystrons What are the specs the modulator (Charger, voltages selection, PFS)? CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal

Modulators general description Several methods for utility grid connection / big impact on performances & cost LV connection to grid HV connection to grid ESS = Energy Storage System During CLIC studies the following main questions/topics will be addressed: Is it possible to produce the specified voltage pulse? Fully solid state vs. transformer based solutions…who’s best? What is the influence of utility grid voltage selection vs. performances? CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal

Capacitor Charger Development R&D partners Survey of European Universities and institutions Application   PFS Development Capacitor Charger Development Universities HV short pulses Long pulses pulse Transfo bouncer SW stack AFE Resonant topologies Strathclyde University (UK) þ   Loughborough University (UK) Ecole Polytechnique Paris Research Centre Karlsruhe (DE) Université de Pau (FR) Eindhoven (NL) Oxford (UK) EPFL (CH) ETH (CH) Nottingham (UK) Institutions Desy (DE) PSI (CH) ESS (SE)  þ ETH Zürich is the only University/Institution having proven experience in all requested domains. The quality of R&D and realizations is also the highest! CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal

CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal R&D partners Proposed & qualified partner ETH Zürich (Leading European University in PP) Expertise in all fields (chargers, grid, HV, pulse transformers, bouncer circuits) Hold enough competencies to optimally design, assemble test and deliver a full power CLIC klystron modulator! Ready to scientifically and technically COLLABORATE with CERN Already requesting third party funding (Fond National Suisse) – Good chances for succeeding! Limited amount of money spent in Switzerland… CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal

CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal R&D partners Proposed & qualified partner LAVAL University, Canada Expertises in pulsed transformers & general magnetic devices (Prof. Viarouge) and in long pulse klystron modulators (Prof. Martins, ex CERN) Ready to scientifically and technically COLLABORATE with CERN (small collaborations already worked effectively) Already requesting third party funding (CFI) Low cost R&D, most of material will be purchased in Europe. CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal

CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal R&D partners Proposed & qualified partner SLAC, USA Experienced team has completed an ILC demonstrator following ~10years R&D, now available for CLIC studies R&D based on oil-free, transformer-free, marx topology Lower R&D risk due to previous experience Will permit CERN to validate SLAC technology Design would be licensed for CERN use As a complementary activity, ABT seeking collaboration with same team to work on kickers CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal

CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal R&D partners Proposed & qualified partner Nottingham, UK Experienced Laboratory on modular active front ends (Leading institution for the universal and flexible power management - UNIFLEX-PM European project) Ready to scientifically and technically COLLABORATE with CERN Third part funding available Ready to collaborate with other partners in CLIC studies (something required for their part of work) CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal

CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal R&D partners Each partner explores a topologically different solution After experimental validation of different solutions CERN selects the final one ETHZ Parallel Modularity LV DC Bus (1-3kV) LAVAL - Series Modularity - HV DC Bus (5-20kV) SLAC - LV DC Bus (1-3kV) ETHZ MMC topology HV AC side LAVAL - Modular - LV AC side SLAC LV AC side Nottingham Modular Considers grid layout CERN final topology selection CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal

CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal Proposal for ETHZ Deliverable 1 full power modulator respecting grid and klystron specifications Annual resources at ETHZ Total cost: 970 kCHF Possible 220kCHF contribution from Swiss National Fund (SNF) All material purchased in CERN member states 2012 2013 2014 2015 Total FTE 2 2.4 2.6 1.4 8.4 P+M cost [CHF] 140k 280k 350k 200k 970k CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal

Proposal for LAVAL Deliverable Annual resources at LAVAL 1 full power PFS (transformer + active bouncer + switch) Reduced power capacitor charger (>2 full power modules) Complete design ‘ready to build’ of modulator Annual resources at LAVAL Total cost: 400 kCHF Assumes 100kCHF contribution from Canada Foundation for Innovation – FCI Material purchased in CERN member states 2012 2013 2014 2015 Total FTE 2 8 P+M cost [CHF] 50k 125k 150k 75k 400k

CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal Proposal for SLAC Deliverable Reduced power marx modulator Full controls and evaluation of performance Full power modulator to CLIC DB specification Annual resources at SLAC Total cost: 475kCHF + (1800kCHF) Need CERN/CLIC to negotiate cost of SLAC manpower 2012 2013 2014 2015 Total FTE 0.5 0.6 + 1 0.3 +2 1 5.5 P cost [CHF] 150k 200k+300k 100k + 600k 300k 450k / 1.65M M cost [CHF] 25k + 300k 25k / 625k CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal

Proposal for Nottingham Deliverable AC network study Annual resources at Nottingham Total cost: 200kCHF University of Nottingham could participate at 50%!!! 2012 2013 2014 2015 Total FTE 0.5 1 3.0 P+M cost [CHF] 25k 60k 80k 35k 400k CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal

Collaboration overview Risk that external funding applications are unsuccessful Consequent increase in budget and collaboration amount Collaboration P+M @Inst (A) [kCHF] External Funds (B) Total (A+B) ETHZ (CH) 750 220 970 LAVAL (CA) 400 100 500 SLAC (US) 475 Nottingham (UK) 200 Totals 1825 420 2145

Collaboration Strategy ETHZ Phase 1 & 2: delivery of full power modulator in 2015 SLAC Phase1: delivery of reduced power demonstrator in 2013 LAVAL delivery of reduced power demonstrator in 2015 Nottingham delivery of reduced power demonstrator in 2014

Collaboration Strategy Following development phase from SLAC, LAVAL and Nottingham Phase 2: Choose technical solution from either LAVAL(a) or Nottingham+LAVAL(b) or LAVAL+SLAC(c) or Nottingham+SLAC(d) depending on technical success Preference for (a) or (b) due to SLAC manpower costs…

CERN Resources & Finances Budget of 3.7MCHF requested from CLIC 2.15MCHF would be committed on proposed collaborations 1.55MCHF for completion of 2nd full power modulator, infrastructure, travel and further studies (measurement, etc) Without Fellows (paid from separate budget) Includes provision for PJAS/UPAS collaborators Additional finance required if SLAC full power strategy is pursued EPC Resources estimated from 2012-2016 6.7 FTE STAFF 9 FTE Fellows Up to 9 FTE PJAS/UPAS visitors CLIC klystron modulators R&D strategy proposal

Tentative Schedule Preparation of contracts ETHZ LAVAL SLAC Nottingham Letter of intent now (Ph.D. starts in may) Finance Committee in June. LAVAL We can start now (2 Ph.D. started), no FC. SLAC Finance committee in June or September… Issue of manpower cost… MoU in July or Oct Nottingham We start now (no FC).

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