Firewall – Survey Purpose of a Firewall Characteristic of a firewall

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Presentation transcript:

Firewall – Survey Purpose of a Firewall Characteristic of a firewall To allow ‘proper’ traffic and discard all other traffic Characteristic of a firewall All traffic must go through the firewall Allow and blocking traffic The Firewall itself should be immune of attacked

Firewall – possibilities 5 areas to control: Services (web, ftp, mail …) i.e. Port# Network (hosts) i.e. IP addresses Direction i.e. control inside-out or reverse User i.e. only authorized users allow Behaviour (e.g. attachment to mail) (Denial of Service Inspection)

Firewall – solutions Solutions: HW – screening router SW – Computer Based (build in the OS) SW – dedicated Host Firewall

Firewall – limitations 3 limitations of Firewalls Cannot protect against traffic not running trough the firewall (obvious!!) Cannot protect against threats from inside (e.g. as the school network) Cannot protect against viruses (i.e. they come in by legal traffic)

Firewall – Types 3 types of Firewalls Packet-filtering Packet-filtering – with state-full inspection Application- gateways

Firewall – Packet-filtering Level 3 – network (IP-packets) Filtering on (the access control list): Source/Destination IP-addresses Source/Destination Port-numbers IP-protocol field (e.g. icmp, tcp, egp) TCP-direction (SYN-bit) IN / OUT on each interface

Firewall – Packet-filtering Configurations Policies: 1:optimistic: default set to allow 2:pessimistic: default set to discard (normal) Setting up rules

Firewall – Packet-filtering Weakness Cannot ‘look’ into appl. Level information Limited logging information Do normally not support authentication Can be attack by weakness in IP (e.g. IP-spoofing)

Firewall – Packet-filtering Stateful - inspection Normal packet-filtering only look at one packet at a time. Stateful packet-filtering can remember a sequence of packets. (can be used to detect spoofing)

Firewall – Application-level Level 5 Application gateway Using Proxy Servers (e.g. a mail-client and a mail-server) Spilt connections into 2 (one for inbound and one for outbound)

Firewall – Application-level More secure Stateful inspection even more developed User authentication are used Weakness slow-down performance need to have proxies for all services

Firewall – Architecture One recommended solution: Screened subnet firewall MOST secure DMZ – demilitarized zone (2 packet-filter + bastion host on the net (DMZ) in between) Home Firewall like ZoneAlarm/XP-firewall

Firewall – Testing Lookup for Misconfiguration The rules (the sequence of the rules) Policies before setting up ACL Testing (using port-scanning etc.) The snort tool Maintain Firewall Keep up checking the ACLs and the updating the firewall

Intrusion – Systems Intrusion Detection System (IDS) Logging/alarm intrusion Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) Detect and filters out suspicious traffic