LV Safe Powering from UPS to Clients Technical review on UPS power distribution of the LHC Beam Dumping System (LBDS) Method: individual interviews with group leaders based on the April schedule -> to gather bottom-up data, EN retreat on 1st July -> the aim was to bring the MTP in line with the last schedule & saving requests from the Council in June ENMB on 26th July -> validate with group leaders the top-down arbitration V. Chareyre EN/EL 1 EDMS n°1226206 20/06/2012

Outline Existing and new UPS systems for LHC UPS system functioning Technical Review: UPS for LBDS LV Safe Powering from UPS to Clients Outline Existing and new UPS systems for LHC UPS system functioning UPS systems configuration in UA63, US65 and UA67 UPS distribution in UA63 Short-circuit and selectivity: studies and tests Electrical distribution of the LBDS racks WIENER power supply faults: description and analysis Solutions for critical equipment Implementations done during TS1 Plans and proposal for LS1 2 EDMS n°1226206 20/06/2012

Existing Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) Systems Technical Review: UPS for LBDS LV Safe Powering from UPS to Clients Existing Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) Systems Goal = Continue to provide power to critical loads whenever the input power fails for the time given by the backup battery 64 UPS dedicated to the LHC and located mainly in the RE, UA, US and UJ zones Parameters of the existing UPS systems: Type = APC Silcon UPS Topology = delta conversion Rated power = 80 kVA Backup time = 10 min 3 EDMS n°1226206 20/06/2012

New Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) Systems Technical Review: UPS for LBDS LV Safe Powering from UPS to Clients New Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) Systems Replacement of the existing APC Silcon UPS systems during LS1 Project motivations: Improve the reliability Decrease the failure rate Minimize LHC run time losses EN-EL project approved: see EDMS 1151991 Delta conversion topology replaced by the traditional double conversion topology Parameters of the new UPS systems: Topology = double conversion Rated power = 100 kVA Backup time = 10 min (imposed by QPS) 4 EDMS n°1226206 20/06/2012

UPS System Functioning Technical Review: UPS for LBDS LV Safe Powering from UPS to Clients UPS System Functioning Priority given to the protection of the load! Normal mode of functioning: load powered via the double conversion path In case of normal a.c. source failure, the load remains supplied by the inverter using the battery stored energy Battery mode without any break Load automatically transferred to the bypass in the following conditions: End of autonomy (if bypass a.c. source present) Overload after a certain time (thermal image activated) Short-circuit on the downstream load 5 EDMS n°1226206 20/06/2012

UPS Systems Configuration in UA63, US65 and UA67 Technical Review: UPS for LBDS LV Safe Powering from UPS to Clients UPS Systems Configuration in UA63, US65 and UA67 Two UPS systems in parallel-redundant configuration Active load sharing One UPS able to supply the full load In case of one UPS failure, automatic transfer of the full load to the remaining UPS Hardwired interlocks between the powering interlock system and the UPS systems In case of one single UPS failure: no impact on the magnet powering In case of a failure of both UPS systems of a redundant configuration: stop of the magnet powering 6 EDMS n°1226206 20/06/2012

UPS Distribution in UA63 EOD1/63 = switchboard downstream the UPSs Technical Review: UPS for LBDS LV Safe Powering from UPS to Clients UPS Distribution in UA63 EOD1/63 = switchboard downstream the UPSs Canalis on top of the racks supplied from this switchboard Schneider C60N 40A C curve to protect the line Single-phase distribution downstream the Canalis One multiple sockets block per rack ABB S502-C 13A to protect the line up to the multiple sockets block 7 EDMS n°1226206 20/06/2012

Short-Circuit and Selectivity Technical Review: UPS for LBDS LV Safe Powering from UPS to Clients Short-Circuit and Selectivity UPS short-circuit capability (limitation) = 2 x In If the short-circuit current reaches this limit, automatic transfer to bypass (if bypass available) Higher short-circuit power available from the bypass a.c. source (upstream transformer) Tripping of the corresponding circuit breaker (at best directly above the fault) Automatic re-transfer to normal mode after clearance of the fault Selectivity principle between two circuit breakers: The breaker directly above the short must trip before the upstream breaker 8 EDMS n°1226206 20/06/2012

Selectivity Studies and Tests Technical Review: UPS for LBDS LV Safe Powering from UPS to Clients Selectivity Studies and Tests Selectivity studies: Using current-time curves Using manufacturer catalog Based on tests ABB circuit breakers located on the Canalis classified as ultra-fast breaking devices Tests performed in 2002 on a few ABB samples 9 EDMS n°1226206 20/06/2012

Selectivity Studies Results Technical Review: UPS for LBDS LV Safe Powering from UPS to Clients Selectivity Studies Results Current-time curves Upstream breaker: C60N 40A C curve Downstream breaker: ABB S502-C 13A Time Icc = 460 A, short-circuit current limit for 2 UPS in parallel before transfer to bypass Magnetic curve given by the manufacturer Results from tests performed on samples in 2002 Only 2 ms! Current 10 EDMS n°1226206 20/06/2012

Electrical Distribution of the LBDS General Purpose Racks Technical Review: UPS for LBDS LV Safe Powering from UPS to Clients Electrical Distribution of the LBDS General Purpose Racks MYDGP racks powered from one Canalis named EOK107/63 Canalis powered by EOD107 in the switchboard EOD1 Safe power provided by 2 parallel-redundant UPS systems in UA63 Identical configuration in UA67 11 EDMS n°1226206 20/06/2012

WIENER Power Supply Fault: 1st Event Feb. 2012 Technical Review: UPS for LBDS LV Safe Powering from UPS to Clients WIENER Power Supply Fault: 1st Event Feb. 2012 Power supply fault in a redundant WIENER crate Loss of the power supply of the corresponding rack ABB circuit breaker on the Canalis tripped Selectivity: OK UPS systems did not transfer to bypass: limitation not reached 12 EDMS n°1226206 20/06/2012

WIENER Power Supply Fault: 2nd Event Apr. 2012 Technical Review: UPS for LBDS LV Safe Powering from UPS to Clients WIENER Power Supply Fault: 2nd Event Apr. 2012 Power supply fault in a WIENER crate of one IPOC system Loss of the power supply of the Canalis EOK107 and all MYDGP racks connected Both circuit breakers (ABB and upstream C60N 40 A) tripped Selectivity: Not OK UPS systems did not transfer to bypass: limitation not reached 13 EDMS n°1226206 20/06/2012

WIENER Fault: Selectivity Analysis Technical Review: UPS for LBDS LV Safe Powering from UPS to Clients WIENER Fault: Selectivity Analysis UPS did not transfer to bypass Short-current < 460 A Both breakers tripped <10 ms: breakers working in the ‘reflex zone’ Only 2 ms between the curve of the upstream breaker and the ABB tripping zone (estimated!) Upstream breaker: C60N 40A C curve Downstream breaker: ABB S502-C 13A Time Icc = 460 A, short-circuit current limit for 2 UPS in parallel before transfer to bypass Magnetic curve given by the manufacturer Results from tests performed on samples in 2002 Only 2 ms! Reflex zone Current 14 EDMS n°1226206 20/06/2012

Solutions for Critical Equipment Technical Review: UPS for LBDS LV Safe Powering from UPS to Clients Solutions for Critical Equipment Even if the selectivity is total and with several redundant UPS systems upstream, single distribution line (for the Canalis) = single point of failure! Solution implemented for QPS systems: Redundant equipments Two power paths protected (by upstream UPS systems) and independent In case of failure on one path, 50% of the equipment remain powered by a separate path (and protected by UPS systems) This equipment must be enough to stop properly and safely the LHC Existing configuration in point 6: two UPS systems in parallel-redundant configuration in US65 and powering: Clients in US65 Redundant QPS systems (so-called F4 lines) both in UA63 and UA67 15 EDMS n°1226206 20/06/2012

Implementation Done During TS1 Technical Review: UPS for LBDS LV Safe Powering from UPS to Clients Implementation Done During TS1 Independent and protected power paths Redundant equipment New cable for one multiple socket block 16 EDMS n°1226206 20/06/2012

Technical Review: UPS for LBDS LV Safe Powering from UPS to Clients Plans for LS1 Downstream switchboards will be replaced during LS1 (with APC Silcon UPS) Replacement of the circuit breakers Selectivity will be improved Selectivity studies based on curves and manufacturer catalog (more reliable) From UPS systems in UA63: - EOD107/63: Schneider NSX100 - Multiple sockets block: Schneider C60N 16A (ABB 13A breaker has lower curves than C60N 16A so selectivity guaranteed) From UPS systems in US65: - EOD114/65: Schneider NSX100 - Multiple sockets block: Schneider C60N 10A 17 EDMS n°1226206 20/06/2012

Proposal for LS1 Technical Review: UPS for LBDS LV Safe Powering from UPS to Clients Proposal for LS1 New distribution line from the redundant path coming from the UPS in US65 Line separated from the line dedicated to QPS Local cabinet for powering several MYDGP racks 18 EDMS n°1226206 20/06/2012

Requirements Studies for the new switchboards in progress Technical Review: UPS for LBDS LV Safe Powering from UPS to Clients Requirements Studies for the new switchboards in progress Need to know LBDS requirements by the end of July for: Studies and manufacturing of the switchboards Studies for new distribution lines if required Preparation of the works for LS1 19 EDMS n°1226206 20/06/2012