Cell Biology BME140 Structural and functional analysis of nucleus and nuclear compartments Assist. Prof. Dr. Açelya Yılmazer Aktuna

NUCLEUS AND NUCLEAR COMPARTMENTS THE NUCLEUS the most prominent organelle in an eukaryotic cell Nuclear envelope

NUCLEUS AND NUCLEAR COMPARTMENTS THE STRUCTURE OF DNA Genetic info is carried by DNA molecules (deoxyribonucleic acid) The genetic info is encoded in the linear seqeunce of 4 nucleotides (A, T, G, C) A DNA Molecule Consists of Two Complementary Chains of Nucleotides Double helix Antiparallel Complimentary Hydrogen bonding required for AT and GC pairing

NUCLEUS AND NUCLEAR COMPARTMENTS THE STRUCTURE OF EUKARYOTIC CHROMOSOMES In eukaryotes, DNA is tightly folded by binding to a set of proteins Eukaryotic DNA Is Packaged into Multiple Chromosomes Chromosomes Contain Long Strings of Genes THE REGULATION OF CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE Changes in Nucleosome Structure Allow Access to DNA Loosining of chromatin: gene expression, DNA replication, DNA repair mechanisms