Data, Data, Data

Data is information, facts, or numbers which describe something. Data, Data, Data What is data? Data is information, facts, or numbers which describe something.

Data, Data, Data Types of Data 1. Categorical Data 2. Numerical Data

Data, Data, Data Categorical Data Data which have been grouped into categories, such as colors, types of music, favorite stores, etc. You might use a “What is your favorite ___ ?” question for this type of data.

Data, Data, Data Numerical Data Data which counts or measures, such as number of pets, test score, height, etc. You might use a “How many ____?” type question for this type of data.

Data, Data, Data Categorical Categorical Numerical Categorical Read each of the questions below and identify which are categorical and which are numerical. Categorical questions have words or categories as answers, and Numerical questions have numbers as answers. Categorical In which season were you born? What is your favorite kind of pet? How many pets do you have? Who is your favorite actress? How much time do you spend watching television in a day? What’s your highest score in the game? How many movies have you watched in the past week? Categorical Numerical Categorical Numerical Numerical Numerical

Number of Fingerprint Patterns Data, Data, Data Ways To Represent Data Used when collecting data Number of Fingerprint Patterns Whorl Arch Loop 7 4 5 l l l l l l l l l l l l l l Frequency Table

Frequency Table Characteristics Includes a title Can be used to collect either numerical OR categorical data Remember to have a column or row for tally marks and one for the frequency (the total number of tally marks)

times each value occurs Data, Data, Data Ways To Represent Data Student Scores Used to show number of times each value occurs X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 Line Plot

Line Plot Characteristics Includes a title Uses a number line (so there are arrows on the ends) Uses x’s to show the count Be sure to use an equally spaced scale Used to collect NUMERICAL data only

amounts of similar things Data, Data, Data Ways To Represent Data Used to compare amounts of similar things Bar Graph

Bar Graph Characteristics Includes a title Be sure both axes are labeled using an equally space scale (the x-axis is horizontal   & the y-axis if vertical) Bars can be vertical or horizontal Space between bars Bars are equal width We’ll use a bar graph to display categorical data

Ways To Represent Data Pictograph Data, Data, Data Uses symbols to Lunch Line Uses symbols to compare data Line Number of Students A B C Key = 10 students Pictograph

Pictograph Characteristics Includes a title Includes a key to show how much each picture/symbol represents Can be vertical or horizontal Pictographs represent categorical data

Ways To Represent Data Line Graph Data, Data, Data Used to show change in data over time Line Graph

Line Graph Characteristics Includes a title Both axes need to be labeled (use an equally spaced scale) Uses line segments to connect data points Used to show numerical data

Ways To Represent Data Stem-and Leaf Plot Data, Data, Data Organizes data from least to greatest Ways To Represent Data Test Scores Stem Leaves 6 1 4 7 7 8 3 4 8 Stem-and Leaf Plot

Stem-and-Leaf Characteristics Includes a title Includes a key to show how to read a stem-and-leaf plot Be sure numbers are ordered least-to-greatest The digits in the ones place are the leaves in your plot

Ways To Represent Data Histogram Data, Data, Data Used to show continuous data Histogram

Histogram Characteristics Includes a title Both axes must be labeled Uses intervals of numbers (for example: 1 – 3, 4 – 6, 7 – 9, etc.) Bars touch one another because the data is continuous in a histogram Used to show numerical data