Kievan Rus

boyars – Russian nobility. B. IDENTIFY The Vikings of Scandinavia have been called other names in history – the Norsemen (North-men), and the Slavs referred to them as Varangians, or the Rus. 850 – Scandinavian chief Rurik establishes first Rus Principality in Novgorod. 860 – First Russian raid on Constantinople. 879 – Prince Oleg moves the principality to Kiev. Kiev would remain the capital of Kievan Rus (a loose federation of small states) for the next 300 years. The society was divided between the peasant masses and the Russian nobles called boyars. NORSEMEN Novgorod RUS Kiev SLAVS Rome Constantinople 820 – Vikings begin explorations and terrorize Europe http://www.canadianlawsite.com/JustinianCode.htm B. IDENTIFY boyars – Russian nobility. B. IDENTIFY Slavs – people of the Black Forest Region north of the Black Sea. They were Russia’s first unified territory. The Vikings (or, Norsemen) settled around Kiev and intermarried with the eastern Slavs. These are the ancestors of the Rus (or, Russian people). PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S.

Olga – Russian princess who converted to Christianity. 850 – Scandinavian chief Rurik establishes first Rus Principality in Novgorod. 860 – First Russian raid on Constantinople. 879 – Prince Oleg moves the principality to Kiev. Kiev would remain the capital of Kievan Rus (a loose federation of small states) for the next 300 years. NORSEMEN Novgorod RUS Kiev SLAVS 945 – Trade agreements with the Byzantine empire establish close ties and cultural exchanges. 957 – Russian Princess Olga visits Constantinople and is converted to Christianity. Rome Constantinople http://www.russianarts.com/product.asp?prd=969&category=icons&ctg=4&col=1# B. IDENTIFY Olga – Russian princess who converted to Christianity. Russian Icon of St. Princess Olga PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S.

Visits Constantinople and Converts to Christianity Sets up the first Rus principality in Novgorod; establishes Russian dynasty Moves Rus capital to Kiev PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S.

Byzantine Christian Missionaries Visit the Slavs The brothers Cyril and Methodius were living in a monastery in Constantinople when the Slavic leaders sent for a Christian teacher. Cyril was selected and was accompanied by his brother. The two “missionaries” who learned the Slav language and converted many of the people to Christianity. Because they were acquainted with the language of the Slavs, Cyril and Methodius were then chosen to provide a written alphabet for them. Cyril invented an alphabet for the Slavs, using the Greek letters and, with the help of Methodius, translated the Gospels into the Slavic people’s language. Today the Cyrillic alphabet is still used in Russia and other parts of eastern Europe. ä×ÅÒØ- Door õÞÉÔÅÌØ - Teacher ðÁÒÔÁ - Desk

1. What ties linked Kiev to Byzantium? Trade – along the Dnieper river and Sea route to Constantinople. Religion – cultural diffusion will lead the Kievan Rus to adopt the Christian religion of Byzantium. Orthodox Icon of Saints Vladimir and Olga. B. IDENTIFY Olga – Russian princess who converted to Christianity. Vladimir – He established permanent links with Byzantine empire and under his rule all Russians converted to Christiantiy. PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S.

1. What ties linked Kiev to Byzantium? Map showing the principality of Kievan Rus, 878-912. 1. What ties linked Kiev to Byzantium? Trade – along the Dnieper river and Sea route to Constantinople. Religion – cultural diffusion will lead the Kievan Rus to adopt the Christian religion of Byzantium. B. IDENTIFY Olga – Russian princess who converted to Christianity. Vladimir – He established permanent links with Byzantine empire and under his rule all Russians converted to Christiantiy. PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S.

1. What ties linked Kiev to Byzantium? Trade – along the Dnieper river and Sea route to Constantinople. Religion – cultural diffusion will lead the Kievan Rus to adopt the Christian religion of Byzantium. B. IDENTIFY Vladimir – He established permanent links with Byzantine empire and under his rule all Russians converted to Christiantiy. PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S.

2. How did Vladimir and his son Yaroslav contribute to the power of Kiev? Vladimir expanded the size of the state west into modern-day Poland and north to the Baltic Sea. Yaroslav married off his daughters and sisters to the kings and princes of western Europe to forge trading alliances. Yaroslav also compiled Russia’s first law code. Yaroslav the Wise is considered the greatest ruler of the Kievan period. He led an extensive building program of churches – modeling the Byzantine style. He also copied the Byzantines model of law, ordering the revision of all Russian laws accordingly. B. IDENTIFY Vladimir – He established permanent links with Byzantine empire and under his rule all Russians converted to Christiantiy. PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S.

1054 was the year that Christianity had its Schism, or split. Ironically, it is also the year that Yaroslav died, and division began to occur in Kievan Rus as well as his descendants fought over territory. Yaroslav the Wise is considered the greatest ruler of the Kievan period. He led an extensive building program of churches – modeling the Byzantine style. He also copied the Byzantines model of law, ordering the revision of all Russian laws accordingly. B. IDENTIFY Vladimir – He established permanent links with Byzantine empire and under his rule all Russians converted to Christiantiy. PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S.

3. What factors brought about Kiev’s decline? Yaroslav had divided his empire among his sons. Their internal fighting for territory tore the state of Kievan Rus apart. Also, the Crusades disrupted trade between the Byzantines and the Russians, creating economic hardship in Russia. In its weakened state, Russia was suddenly attacked by the Mongols from Asia who demolished Kiev. PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S.